Key Technologies and Prospects for Oil and Gas Testing in Sinopec’s “Deep Underground Engineering”
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摘要:
针对“深地工程”构造和储层介质复杂、埋藏深、地层压力高和温度高等复杂工况，中国石化围绕深层超深层油气测试、超高温高压井下工具、地面测试、窄安全窗口油气井测试工程设计和完井测试液等技术进行攻关研究，完成100余口8 000 m以深油气井的测试施工，初步形成了“深地工程”油气测试关键技术及配套装备，有力支撑了塔里木盆地、四川盆地和准噶尔盆地等深层超深层油气资源的勘探开发。梳理总结了中国石化“深地工程”油气测试关键技术，分析了中国石化“深地工程”向9 000 m乃至10 000 m以深迈进情况下油气测试技术面临的主要挑战，展望了特深层高温高压油气测试工程设计、特深层高温高压油气测试完井工艺、地面自动化测试和高性能油气测试工具等技术在未来的发展。该技术总结与展望对构建更加成熟、专业、安全、高效的油气测试技术体系，助力深层超深储层油气勘探开发取得更大突破有一定借鉴意义。
Abstract:In view of complex structures and reservoir media in "Deep Underground Engineering", which includes deep burial, high formation pressure and temperature, and other complicated conditions, Sinopec has carried out key research on technologies such as deep and ultra-deep oil and gas testing, ultra-high temperature and high-pressure bottom hole assembly (BHA), surface testing, oil and gas well testing engineering design of narrow safety window, and well completion testing fluid, etc. Sinopec successfully completed the testing construction of more than 100 oil and gas wells with depth more than 8000 m, and initially formed the initial key technologies and supporting equipment for oil and gas testing in “Deep Underground Engineering”, which strongly supported the exploration and production of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas resources in the Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, and Junggar Basin. The key technologies of oil and gas testing in Sinopec’s “Deep Underground Engineering” were summarized, and the challenges in oil and gas testing technologies faced by Sinopec’s “Deep Underground Engineering” during exploration from 9000 m to deeper than 10000 m were analyzed. Technical prospects were put forward for the design of extra-deep high-temperature and high-pressure oil and gas testing engineering, extra-deep high-temperature and high-pressure oil and gas testing completion technology, ground automation testing, and high-performance oil and gas testing tools, etc. The overview and prospect of these technologies are of reference significance for the construction of a more mature, professional, safe, and efficient oil and gas testing technology system, in order to help achieve greater breakthroughs in the exploration and development of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs.
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图 1 超深层油气井加强型“五阀一封”测试管柱示意
Figure 1. Enhanced “five valve and one packer” test string for ultra-deep oil and gas wells
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图 2 超深层油气井测试−改造−完井一体化管柱示意
Figure 2. Integrated string for testing, stimulation and completion of ultra-deep oil and gas wells
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图 3 超深高酸性油气藏联作测试管柱
Figure 3. Joint testing string for ultra-deep and highly acidic oil and gas reservoirs
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图 4 超深长水平段水平井滑套分流完井试气管柱
Figure 4. Gas testing string for sliding sleeve diversion completion in ultra-deep horizontal wells with long horizontal section
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图 5 准噶尔盆地深层砾岩储层油气测试技术管柱
Figure 5. Oil and gas testing string for a deep conglomerate reservoir in the Junggar Basin
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图 6 中国石化“深地工程”地面测试流程示意
Figure 6. Ground testing process for Sinopec’s "Deep Underground Engineering"
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图 7 窄安全窗口油气井测试工程设计技术
Figure 7. Design technology for oil and gas well testing engineering of narrow safety window
表 1 中国石化系列超高温高压油气测试封隔器参数（部分）
Table 1 Parameters for Sinopec series ultra-high-temperature and high-pressure oil and gas testing packers (part)
工具名称 适用套管内径/mm 最大外径/mm 最小内径/mm 最大压差/MPa 最大耐温/℃ 坐封方式 解封方式 SSC-JMR机械封隔器 108.6～112.0 103.0 38.5/45.0 105 204 机械 上提回收 114.3 108.0 38.5/45.0 105 204 机械 上提回收 147.1 137.9 28.0/52.5 105 204 机械 上提回收 152.5～154.8 146.0 30.0/57.0 105 204 机械 上提回收 171.5 162.0 28.0/57.0 105 204 机械 上提回收 SSC-SHLR/HLR
液压完井封隔器114.3 108.0 57.4 105 204 液压 上提/专用工具回收 147.1 139.0 75.5 105 204 液压 上提/专用工具回收 152.5～154.8 148.0 76.2 105 204 液压 上提/专用工具回收 171.5 160.0 82.6 105 204 液压 上提/专用工具回收 SSC-ESET
液压永久封隔器114.3 108.0 57.4 105 204 液压 不可回收 118.6～121.4 114.0 62.0 105 204 液压 不可回收 152.5～154.8 148.0 76.2 105 204 液压 不可回收 171.5 160.0 82.6 105 204 液压 不可回收 K343裸眼
封隔器140.0 70.0 70 177 液压 不可回收 152.0 70.0 70 177 液压 不可回收 PHP-3封隔器 114.3 108.0 49.0 70 204 液压 上提回收 152.5～154.8 148.0 76.2 70 204 液压 上提回收 大通径测试阀 ≥152.5 105.0 50.0 210 232 液压 
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