Research on Fracture Mapping with Surface Tiltmeters for “Hot Dry Rock” Stimulation in Gonghe Basin, Qinghai
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摘要: 为了更好地认识青海共和盆地增强型地热系统（EGS）压裂裂缝的方位和长度，指导该盆地换热井井位部署，优化压裂设计，采用地面测斜仪监测了X1井3个压裂阶段的裂缝，获得了该井3个压裂阶段形成垂直裂缝的长度和方位，并将监测结果与目的层地质特征结合，分析了共和盆地目标地层天然裂隙对裂缝复杂性的影响。研究表明，X1井目的层的天然裂隙在压裂过程中被部分激活，造成压裂裂缝的水平分量接近50%，在一定程度上提高了压裂裂缝的复杂性，从而提高了热储裂缝的换热体积。这为今后青海共和盆地干热岩井压裂优化设计和换热井井位部署提供了科学依据。Abstract: The three stages of hydraulic fracturing treatment in Well X1 were monitored from surface tilt mapping to better understand the fracture azimuth and length in the Gonghe Basin with enhanced geothermal systems (EGS), which would provide reference data in later deployment of adjacent wells and fracturing design. The fracture length and azimuth of Well X1 in the three stages of fracturing were obtained, and the mapping results were combined with geological features to analyze the impact of natural fractures on hydraulic fractures complexity in the target layers. The results demonstrated that some natural fractures are activated in the treatment and horizontal components of fractures are approximate to 50%, which will largely increase the complexity and heat transfer area of the fracture system. This research can provide a reference for fracturing optimization and the deployment of adjacent wells for geothermal development in Gonghe Basin of Qinghai Province.
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Keywords:
- surface tiltmeter /
- hotdryrock /
- in-situ stress /
- fracture azimuth /
- fracture mapping /
- complex fracture
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图 4 X1井压裂第1阶段裂缝监测结果
Figure 4. Fracture mapping results of Well X1 in the first fracturing stage
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图 5 X1井压裂第2阶段裂缝监测结果
Figure 5. Fracture mapping results of Well X1 in the second fracturing stage
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图 6 X1井压裂第3阶段裂缝监测结果
Figure 6. Fracture mapping results of Well X1 in the third fracturing stage
表 1 X1井3个压裂阶段垂直裂缝的监测结果
Table 1 Mapping results of vertical fractures during three fracturing stages of Well X1
压裂
阶段裂缝
方位裂缝
倾角半缝长/
m缝高/
m压裂液
体积/m3液体进入
垂直缝
比例，%第1阶段 NE28.73° SE29.38° 81.00 51.00 163.50 48 第2阶段 NE43.50° SE60.00° 76.20 51.00 190.61 53 第3阶段 NE22.32° SE60.00° 76.20 64.00 330.10 58 
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