A Logging Data-Based Calculation Method for the Horizontal TIV Formation In-Situ Stress
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摘要:
低孔低渗地层常具有TIV各向异性特征，准确计算水平地应力对该类储层的射孔和压裂设计至关重要。为了更加准确地计算TIV地层的水平地应力，针对该类地层的低压特征，优选Bowers法求取地层孔隙压力，然后利用阵列声波测井资料求取TIV地层的岩石力学参数（垂直与水平方向上的杨氏弹性模量和泊松比）；同时考虑层理面产状对水平地应力的影响，改进了传统的Sn模型，建立了TIV地层水平地应力新计算模型。用新模型计算了鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长6、长7和长8段TIV地层的水平地应力，计算结果与实测最大、最小水平地应力的最大相对误差分别为8.70%和7.86%，低于Sn模型的相对误差。研究结果表明，新模型计算的水平地应力更符合实际地应力纵横向分布的变化规律，可为致密油储层的水力压裂设计提供更可靠的参考依据。
Abstract:Given the TIV anisotropy characteristics of low porosity/permeability formations, the accurate calculation of horizontal in-situ stress is essential for the perforation and fracturing designs of those reservoirs. In order to more accurately and effectively calculate the horizontal in-situ stress of a TIV formation, considering the low-pressure characteristics of such formation, the Bowers method was used to obtain the formation pore pressure. Then, the array acoustic logging data was used to obtain the anisotropic rock mechanical parameters (the vertical/ horizontal Young’s modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio) of TIV formation. Considering the influence of bedding plane occurrence on horizontal in-situ stress, the traditional Sn model was improved and a new calculation model for the horizontal in-situ stress of TIV formation was established. The horizontal in-situ stresses of the TIV formations in the Chang 6, Chang 7 and Chang 8 sections of the Heshui area of the Ordos Basin were calculated by this new model. The maximum relative errors between the calculated and the measured maximum/minimum horizontal in-situ stresses were 8.70% and 7.86%, respectively, which were smaller than those of in-situ stresses calculated by Sn model. The results showed that the horizontal in-situ stress calculated by this new model was more in line with the variation laws of the vertical and horizontal distributions of the actual in-situ stress, which could provide a more reliable reference for the hydraulic fracturing design of tight oil reservoirs.
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图 1 倾斜层理面或层界面发育的地层与大地坐标系、层状坐标系的关系
Figure 1. Relationship between the strata developed with tilted bedding or layer interface and the geodetic coordinate system and layered coordinate system
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图 2 倾斜层状地层的地应力分量转换关系
Figure 2. The conversion relationship for the in-situ stress components of tilted bedded stratum
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图 3 最大水平地应力与最小水平地应力的关系
Figure 3. The relationship between the maximum and minimum horizontal in-situ stresses
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图 4 N148井1 630.00～1 790.00 m井段各向异性岩石力学参数和水平地应力测井综合解释图
Figure 4. Comprehensive logging interpretation map of anisotropic rock mechanical parameters and horizontal in-situ stress at an interval of 1 630.00–1 790.00 m in Well N148
表 1 最大、最小水平地应力实测值与模型计算值的对比
Table 1 Comparison of the measured and calculated values of the maximum/minimum horizontal in-situ stresses
井深/m 最大水平地应力/MPa 最大水平地应力相对误差，% 最小水平地应力/MPa 最小水平地应力相对误差，% 实测 新模型 Sn模型 新模型 Sn模型 实测 新模型 Sn模型 新模型 Sn模型 1 637.00 30.14 32.64 32.61 8.28 9.09 23.88 25.10 20.02 5.11 16.16 1 664.00 36.04 37.06 36.20 2.84 0.44 29.12 28.51 22.31 2.09 23.39 1 676.40 37.89 38.68 32.78 2.08 13.49 31.02 29.76 19.61 4.08 36.78 1 708.90 37.23 40.17 37.87 7.91 1.72 31.01 30.90 23.75 0.35 23.41 1 719.50 38.74 41.35 35.32 6.75 8.83 32.70 33.08 20.62 1.16 36.94 1 720.60 34.10 37.06 35.78 8.70 4.93 27.10 29.23 21.54 7.86 20.52 1 780.90 40.48 41.28 36.72 1.97 9.29 30.58 31.75 20.21 3.83 33.91 1 787.00 33.89 35.78 44.78 5.55 32.13 25.72 27.52 27.49 7.00 6.88 
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