Modeling High-Frequency Magnetic Coupling Wired Drill Pipe Channel Based on Linear Simulation
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摘要:
为了延长高频磁耦合有缆钻杆系统无中继器时的传输距离，需要选择载波信号频点和匹配不同长度有缆钻具间的阻抗。为此，建立信道模型进行仿真，以匹配不同长度有缆钻具间的阻抗。建立信道模型时，将传输信道划分为标准电路元件的最小重复单元，其包含同轴电缆和磁耦合线圈副；使用同轴电缆传输线元件仿真同轴电缆，使用物理变压器元件仿真磁耦合线圈副，形成由分布参数元件和集总参数元件组成的易于测量的混合模型。首先根据材料的尺寸、物理参数及仪器测量结果，确定每个元件的参数，并用ADS软件创建标准电路元件模型；再运用散射参数线性仿真进行电路仿真。仿真结果与实际样品的测量结果一致，表明通过建立模型进行仿真可以为高频磁耦合有缆钻杆的优化设计提供依据。高频磁耦合有缆钻杆经过信道建模优化设计，无中继器时的传输距离提高至300 m以上。
Abstract:In order to extend the repeater-free transmission distance of the high-frequency magnetic coupling wired drill pipe system, it is necessary to select the frequency point of carrier signal and match the impedance between wired drill pipes with different lengths. To this end, a simulation was performed by establishing a channel model to match the impedance of wired drill pipes with different lengths. When the channel model was established, the transmission channel could be divided into a minimum repeating unit called the standard circuit component, which consisted of a coaxial cable and a magnetic coupling coil pair. The coaxial cable transmission line was used to simulate the coaxial cable, while the physical transformer component was used to simulate the magnetic coupling coil pair, and an easy-to-measure hybrid model consisting of distributed parameter components and lumped parameter components was established. First, the parameters of each component were determined according to the material size, physical parameters and instrument measurement results, the standard circuit component model was created by ADS software, and then the circuit simulation was performed by linear simulation of scattering parameters. The simulation results were consistent with the measured results of actual sample, which indicated that the model-based simulation could be used to provide a basis for the optimal design of high frequency magnetic coupling wired drill pipe. The high-frequency magnetic coupling wired drill pipe was optimized by channel modeling, and the repeater-free transmission distance was increased to more than 300 m.
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图 1 高频磁耦合有缆钻杆结构示意
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of high-frequency magnetic coupling cabled conventional drill pipe
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图 3 高频磁耦合有缆钻杆信道示意
Figure 3. Channel schematic of high-frequency magnetic coupling cabled drill pipe
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图 6 互感Lp、耦合系数K与频率的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between mutual inductance Lp and coupling coefficient K with frequency
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图 8 2个标准电路元件级联的S参数仿真
Figure 8. Sparameter simulation of two cascaded standard circuit components
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图 10 不同电缆长度有缆钻具的第一谐振峰频点
Figure 10. The first resonant peak frequency of a wired drill pipe with different lengths
表 1 COAX_MDS元件的参数
Table 1 Structure of the COAX_MDS component
参数 物理含义 取值 r/mm 内导体半径 0.92 Ri/mm 外导体内半径 2.99 Ro/mm 外导体半径 3.58 L/m 长度 5.00 T/mm 镀层厚度 0.1 σ1/(S·m–1) 镀层电导率 5.8×107 σ2/(S·m–1) 基底电导率 1.1×106 μr 电介质相对磁导率 1.0 εr 电介质相对介电常数 2.07 tan δ 电介质损耗角正切值 0.001 
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