Occurrence State of Hydrogen Sulfide Invading into Wellbore during Drilling
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摘要: 当钻遇高含硫气藏时，如果不及时检测硫化氢，极易因硫化氢侵入地面而带来井控风险，造成财产损失甚至危及人身安全。针对该问题，结合普光气田的工程实际，通过数值计算，对硫化氢侵入井筒后与钻井液之间的物理化学作用进行分析，得到了硫化氢与钻井液之间溶解和化学反应的影响规律。分析表明：进入井筒后，一部分硫化氢以气态形式滑脱上升，另一部分溶于钻井液中与钻井液反应、溶解；温度升高硫化氢的溶解度降低，压力增大硫化氢的溶解度变大，且压力对溶解度的影响程度远大于温度对溶解度的影响；由于温度和压力变化对溶解度的影响，上部井段钻井液中的硫化氢浓度比下部井段高；H2S与钻井液发生化学反应并发生化学溶解，钻井液的pH值对H2S的吸收有很大影响；在硫化氢检测中，同时对钻井液里的S2-和H2S进行测量会取得更好的效果。Abstract: There may be an accident or a disaster if we could not detect hydrogen sulfide(H2S)in a timely manner while drilling.Once pressure in the wellbore is not under control,hydrogen sulfide release to surface will cause property losses or even personnel safety accident.According to the engineering practices of Puguang gas reservoir in northeast Sichuan,this paper analyzed the physical and chemical effects after H2S invasion by numerical calculation,the influence of dissolution and chemical reaction between H2S and drilling fluid had been found.The analysis results showed that:after entering into wellbore,one part of H2S would rise to the top of the wellbore,the other part would have chemical reaction with and dissolve in drilling fluid;the solubility of H2S reduced with increase of temperature,and increased as the pressure rose;and the influence of pressure on its solubility was much larger than that of temperature.The concentration of H2S in the upper wellbore was much higher than the lower wellbore due to the effects of pressure and temperature.The drilling fluid pH value had a great impact on the absorption of H2S,since H2S reacted with drilling fluid.Measuring the concentration of S2- and H2S in the drilling fluid at the same time could detect H2S more accurately and in a more timely manner.
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Keywords:
- drilling /
- hydrogen sulfide /
- well bore /
- occurrence /
- drilling fluid /
- solubility
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