Abstract: Cementing casing and cement sheath are the key barriers to oil and gas well production. A comprehensive grasp of wellbore seal integrity evolution information in the process of oil and gas production is an important measure to ensure the safety and benefit development of oil and gas resources, and its efficient integration with digital technology is imperative. However, oil and gas wells are generally faced with "three high, three complex" and other severe geological environment, intelligent perception has a series of challenges such as response lag, data blind spot, information doubt area, limited prediction and so on. To solve the above problems, the in-situ sensing technology of wellbore integrity is taken as the main breakthrough, and great progress has been made in the fields of acoustic monitoring, optical fiber sensing, self-sensing cement, permanent downhole test equipment and other fields. However, continuous research needs to be done in the experimental platform, downhole equipment, test and evaluation methods and software, and supporting processes. After the technology is formed, it is expected to build a digital wellbore, accurately grasp the dynamic information of the wellbore health status of oil and gas Wells in real time, and promote the safe, efficient and intelligent upgrading of oil and gas engineering technology.