Preparation and Performance Study of Plugging Agents for Deep Shale Based on Montmorillonite Modification
-
摘要:
深层页岩天然裂缝发育，普遍存在微/纳米级裂缝，但现有微纳米颗粒封堵剂存在易团聚和用量大等问题，导致井壁失稳、卡钻等井下复杂情况。为解决这一问题，首先以层状结构的蒙脱石为原料制备纳米蒙脱石，再通过原子转移自由基聚合法对纳米蒙脱石进行表面改性，合成具有疏水性的纳米封堵剂 N-MMT，采用红外光谱、能谱分析、粒度分析和扫描电镜等对其表征，采用岩心自吸试验、微孔滤膜滤失试验、高温老化试验等评价了N-MMT的封堵特性。试验结果表明，纳米封堵剂N-MMT 具有预先设计的基团，其平均粒径为526 nm，可显著降低岩心自吸能力，页岩岩心自吸量下降 66.7%，与油基钻井液常规处理剂配伍性好，高温高压滤失量降低47%，破乳电压有所升高，稳定性更强。纳米封堵剂N-MMT能吸附在页岩微纳米孔缝处形成致密封堵膜，阻止钻井滤液进入深层页岩裂缝，保护井壁稳定，具有较好的应用前景。
Abstract:Natural fractures are developed in the deep shale, which are generally micro/nanoscale fractures. However, the existing micro/nanoparticle plugging agent is easy to agglomerate and usually used in a large amount, resulting in downhole failure and complex situations including wellbore instability and sticking. In order to solve this problem, nano-montmorillonite was prepared from layered montmorillonite, and then the surface of nano-montmorillonite was modified by atomic transfer radical polymerization. The hydrophobic nano-plugging agent N-MMT was synthesized. It was characterized by infrared spectrum, energy spectrum analysis, particle size analysis, and scanning electron microscope,etc. The plugging performance of N-MMT was evaluated by core imbibition experiment, microporous filtration membrane filtration test, and high-temperature aging test. The experimental results show that the nano-plugging agent N-MMT has a pre-designed group with an average size of 526 nm, which can significantly reduce the self-imbibition capacity of shale core, and the self-imbibition amount of shale core is decreased by 66.67%. N-MMT has good compatibility with conventional treatment agents for oil-based drilling fluid, which reduces the high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss by 47%. In addition, it increases the emulsion-breaking voltage and enhances the stability of the system. Nano-plugging agent N-MMT can adhere to the surface of shale micro and nano pores to form a tight plugging film, preventing drilling filtrate from entering fractures in deep shale and protecting the borehole stability, and has certain application foreground.
-
Keywords:
- montmorillonite /
- modification; nano plugging agent /
- deep zone /
- shale /
- oil-based drilling fluid
-
-
![]()
图 1 蒙脱石纳米片剥离及改性过程
Figure 1. Process of stripping and modification of montmorillonite nanosheets
![]()
图 2 蒙脱石改性前后红外光谱
Figure 2. Infrared spectra of montmorillonite before and after modification
![]()
图 3 蒙脱石改性前后元素组分分析
Figure 3. Analysis of elemental components of montmorillonite before and after modification
![]()
图 4 脱石改性前后的粒径分布
Figure 4. Particle size distribution of montmorillonite before and after modification
![]()
图 5 蒙脱石改性前后的水润湿接触角
Figure 5. Water wetting contact angle before and after montmorillonite modification
![]()
图 6 蒙脱石改性前后微观形貌
Figure 6. Microscopic morphology of montmorillonite before and after modification
![]()
图 7 蒙脱石改性前后热重分析
Figure 7. Thermogravimetric analysis of montmorillonite before and after modification
![]()
图 8 纳米封堵剂 N-MMT 对页岩岩心自吸作用的影响
Figure 8. Influence of nano-plugging agent N-MMT on self-imbibition of shale core
![]()
图 10 纳米封堵剂N-MMT对高温高压滤失量的影响
Figure 10. Influence of nano-plugging agent N-MMT on high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss
表 1 油基钻井液基本性能
Table 1 Basic properties of oil-based drilling fluids
N-MMT用量，% 老化温度/℃ 破乳电压/V 表观黏度/（mPa·s） 塑性黏度/（mPa·s） 动切力/Pa 动塑比
0老化前 837 42.0 36 6.13 0.17 180 734 49.0 40 9.20 0.23 200 701 52.0 42 10.22 0.24 2.5 老化前 1083 44.0 37 7.15 0.19 180 813 50.0 41 9.20 0.22 200 773 56.5 45 11.75 0.26 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 盛湘,陈祥,章新文,等. 中国陆相页岩油开发前景与挑战[J]. 石油实验地质,2015,37(3):267–271. SHENG Xiang, CHEN Xiang, ZHANG Xinwen, et al. Prospects and challenges of continental shale oil development in China[J]. Petroleum Geology and Experiment, 2015, 37(3): 267–271.
[2] 李阳,薛兆杰,程喆,等. 中国深层油气勘探开发进展与发展方向[J]. 中国石油勘探,2020,25(1):45–57. LI Yang, XUE Zhaojie, CHENG Zhe, et al. Progress and development directions of deep oil and gas exploration and development in China[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(1): 45–57.
[3] 王中华. 国内钻井液技术现状与发展建议[J]. 石油钻探技术,2023,51(4):114–123. doi: 10.11911/syztjs.2023028 WANG Zhonghua. Current situation and development suggestions for drilling fluid technologies in China[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2023, 51(4): 114–123. doi: 10.11911/syztjs.2023028
[4] 王志远,黄维安,范宇,等. 长宁区块强封堵油基钻井液技术研究及应用[J]. 石油钻探技术,2021,49(5):31–38. WANG Zhiyuan, HUANG Weian, FAN Yu, et al. Technical research and application of oil base drilling fluid with strong plugging property in Changning Block[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2021, 49(5): 31–38.
[5] 刘锋报,孙金声,王建华. 国内外深井超深井钻井液技术现状及发展趋势[J]. 新疆石油天然气,2023,19(2):34–39. LIU Fengbao, SUN Jinsheng, WANG Jianhua. A global review of technical status and development trend of drilling fluids for deep and ultra-deep wells[J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas, 2023, 19(2): 34–39.
[6] 金衍,薄克浩,张亚洲,等. 深层硬脆性泥页岩井壁稳定力学化学耦合研究进展与思考[J]. 石油钻探技术,2023,51(4):159–169. JIN Yan, BO Kehao, ZHANG Yazhou, et al. Advancements and considerations of chemo-mechanical coupling for wellbore stability in deep hard brittle shale[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2023, 51(4): 159–169.
[7] 罗平亚,李文哲,代锋,等. 四川盆地南部龙马溪组页岩气藏井壁强化钻井液技术[J]. 天然气工业,2023,43(4):1–10. LUO Pingya, LI Wenzhe, DAI Feng, et al. Borehole wall strengthening drilling fluid technology for shale gas reservoirs in the Longmaxi Formation, southern Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2023, 43(4): 1–10.
[8] 代锋,易刚,张婧,等. 页岩地层纳微米封堵剂封堵性评价方法[J]. 钻井液与完井液,2023,40(6):733–741. DAI Feng, YI Gang, ZHANG Jing, et al. Study on methods of evaluating plugging capacity of nanometer and micrometer sized plugging agents for shale formations[J]. Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid, 2023, 40(6): 733–741.
[9] CHANG Xiaofeng, SUN Jinsheng, XU Zhe, et al. A novel nano-lignin-based amphoteric copolymer as fluid-loss reducer in water-based drilling fluids[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2019, 583: 123979. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123979
[10] 黄昱昊,徐建根,步文洋,等. 钻井液用纳米封堵剂的研究与进展[J]. 辽宁化工,2023,52(3):436–438. HUANG Yuhao, XU Jiangen, BU Wenyang, et al. Research progress of nano plugging agent for drilling fluid[J]. Liaoning Chemical Industry, 2023, 52(3): 436–438.
[11] 于军泉,安玉秀,马京缘,等. 高性能页岩封堵剂的合成及其性能[J]. 石油化工,2022,51(7):806–814. YU Junquan, AN Yuxiu, MA Jingyuan, et al. Synthesis and performance of high-performance shale plugging agent[J]. Petrochemical Technology, 2022, 51(7): 806–814.
[12] 高仁波,赵云良,陈立才,等. 蒙脱石层电荷密度对其二维纳米片剥离的影响[J]. 硅酸盐学报,2021,49(7):1420–1428. GAO Renbo, ZHAO Yunliang, CHEN Licai, et al. Effect of layer charge density on the exfoliation of montmorillonite to prepare two-dimensional nanosheets[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2021, 49(7): 1420–1428.
[13] 周道金. 新型有机蒙脱石的制备及在油基钻井液中的应用研究[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京),2016. ZHOU Daojin. Preparation of novel organic montmorillonite and its application in oil-based drilling fluids[D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences(Beijing), 2016.
[14] 白皓宇,赵云良,王伟,等. 蒙脱石剥离二维纳米片及其功能化应用[J]. 矿产保护与利用,2019,39(6):101–111. BAI Haoyu, ZHAO Yunliang, WANG Wei, et al. Exfoliating preparation of two-dimensional montmorillonite nanosheet and the functional applications[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2019, 39(6): 101–111.
[15] ABDO J, HANEEF M D. Clay nanoparticles modified drilling fluids for drilling of deep hydrocarbon wells[J]. Applied Clay Science, 2013, 86: 76–82. doi: 10.1016/j.clay.2013.10.017
[16] 赖南君,陈庆源,乔东宇,等. 一种水平井堵剂的制备方法:CN201910974766.2[P]. 2019-12-31. LAI Nanjun, CHEN Qingyuan, QIAO Dongyu, et al. A method for preparing plugging agent for horizontal well: CN201910974766.2 [P]. 2019-12-31.
[17] 闫博文. 一种耐高温超细颗粒乳胶制备封堵剂的方法:CN201611135235.7[P]. 2017-06-16. YAN Bowen. A method for preparing sealing agent of high-temperature resistant ultra-fine particle latex: CN201611135235.7[P]. 2017-06-16.
[18] 宋海明,李静静,陈杰. 低毒油包水钻井液用耐高温有机土的研制[J]. 钻井液与完井液,2015,32(3):13–15. SONG Haiming, LI Jingjing, CHEN Jie. Development of a high temperature low toxicity W/O organophilic clay[J]. Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid, 2015, 32(3): 13–15.
[19] 刘天野,颜红侠,李婷婷,等. 原子转移自由基聚合法在改性碳纳米管中的应用[J]. 材料导报,2014,28(11):94–98. LIU Tianye, YAN Hongxia, LI Tingting, et al. Application of atom transfer radical polymerization to modifying carbon nanotubes[J]. Materials Review, 2014, 28(11): 94–98.
[20] 唐龙祥,石洪莹,刘春华,等. 原子转移自由基聚合法在纳米SiO2表面接枝PS及其对SBS的改性[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程,2013,29(8):97–100. TANG Longxiang, SHI Hongying, LIU Chunhua, et al. Grafting PS onto surfaces of nano-silica via ATRP reaction and modification to SBS[J]. Polymer Materials Science & Engineering, 2013, 29(8): 97–100.
[21] MATYJASZEWSKI K, KAJIWARA A. EPR Study of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene[J]. Macromolecules, 1998, 31(2): 548–550. doi: 10.1021/ma971299h
[22] TYAGI B, CHUDASAMA C D, JASRA R V. Determination of structural modification in acid activated montmorillonite clay by FT-IR spectroscopy[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2006, 64(2): 273–278. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2005.07.018
-
期刊类型引用(5)
1. 胡旭光，罗卫华，刘贵义. 105 MPa冷冻暂堵装置的研制及应用. 天然气技术与经济. 2021(01): 55-60 . 
百度学术
2. 黄在福. 钻柱冷冻塞技术在FOX-Z-ST井井控作业中的应用. 断块油气田. 2021(02): 274-277 . 百度学术
3. 韩祥海，平恩顺，安小萍，王林，贺燕飞，王志民，黄峰. 带压投送井口保护装置的研制及应用. 钻采工艺. 2021(04): 86-89 . 百度学术
4. 胡旭光，刘贵义，李庚，刘俊男. 70 MPa带压钻孔装置的研制. 天然气技术与经济. 2021(05): 39-44 . 百度学术
5. 何弦桀，黄崇君，邓虎. 井口隐患治理关键技术研究与应用. 石油钻采工艺. 2019(06): 811-816 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 129
- HTML全文浏览量: 28
- PDF下载量: 68
- 被引次数: 8
