气顶边水油藏中后期开发调整三维物理模拟研究

葛丽珍; 孟智强; 祝晓林; 岳宝林; 朱志强

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2023115

气顶边水油藏中后期开发调整三维物理模拟研究

中海石油（中国）有限公司天津分公司, 天津 300459

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项“渤海油田加密调整及提高采收率油藏工程技术示范”（编号：2016ZX05058001）资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
葛丽珍（1973—），女，天津人，1996年毕业于石油大学（华东）油藏工程专业，2008 年获中国石油大学（华东）地质资源与地质工程专业硕士学位，正高级工程师，主要从事油气田开发方面的研究工作。E-mail：gelzh2@cnooc.com.cn

中图分类号: TE341
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-19
- 修回日期: 2023-11-19
- 录用日期: 2023-11-25
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-24

Three-Dimensional Physical Simulation Experiment on the Development Adjustment of Reservoirs with Gas Cap and Edge Water in Middle and Late Stage Reservoirs

Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Limited, Tianjin, 300459, China

摘要

摘要:
气顶边水油藏天然能量开发中后期气窜、水锥加剧，地层压力加速下降，产量递减加快，生产形势急剧变差。为探索其后期开发调整方向，以海上气顶边水油藏为例，根据相似理论,设计了气顶边水油藏大型三维物理模型，研究了继续天然能量开发、转屏障注水和转老井侧钻等3种开发调整方式的生产特征及其挖潜效果。试验结果表明，天然能量开发以气顶能量为主，受高渗层气窜影响，水平井上部的中、低渗透率储层为后续挖潜的方向；屏障注水开发可以抑制高渗层气顶气窜，对低渗层增产和稳产效果明显；老井侧钻开发对中等渗透率储层占比大的油藏更为有效。现场优选了1口老井，实施了高部位侧钻，取得了良好的现场试验效果。研究结果可以为提升多种提高采收率方式的调整效果提供理论指导。
- 气顶边水 /
- 开发调整 /
- 物理模拟 /
- 剩余油 /
- 挖潜
Abstract:
In the middle and late stages of natural energy development, reservoirs with gas cap and edge water are affected by gas channeling and intensified water coning, and the formation pressure drops rapidly. The production declines greatly, and production conditions deteriorate sharply. In order to explore the development adjustment direction of this type of reservoir in the middle and late stages, a large-scale three-dimensional physical model of the reservoir with a gas cap and edge water was designed based on the similarity theory by taking an offshore reservoir with large gas cap and middle edge water as the prototype. Three development adjustment methods and potential tapping effects were studied, namely, continued natural energy development, barrier water injection development, and sidetracking of old wells towards high locations. The experimental results show that the natural energy development of reservoirs with gas cap and edge water is dominated by gas cap energy and affected by gas channeling in the high-permeability layer. Oil enrichment occurs in the upper part of horizontal wells in reservoirs with medium and low permeability, which is the direction for subsequent potential investigation. The barrier water injection can effectively suppress the gas channeling of the gas cap in high-permeability layers and has a significant effect on increasing and stabilizing production in low-permeability layers. The sidetracking of old wells is more effective in improving oil recovery in reservoirs with a high proportion of medium-permeability layers. One old well underwent sidetracking towards higher locations, achieving good on-site application results. The research result can provide a reference for improving adjustment effect of multiple methods to enhance oil recovery.
- gas cap and edge water /
- development adjustment /
- physical simulation /
- remaining oil /
- tapping potential

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图 1 气顶边水油藏物理模拟试验装置设计

Figure 1. Design of physical simulation experiment device for reservoir with gas cap and edge water

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图 2 天然能量开发生产曲线

Figure 2. Production curve of natural energy development

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图 3 天然能量开发不同渗透率储层生产情况

Figure 3. Production of reservoirs with different permeability in natural energy development

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图 4 天然能量开发不同渗透率储层的剩余油分布

Figure 4. Distribution of remaining oil in reservoirs with different permeability in natural energy development

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图 5 不同开发调整方案生产曲线

Figure 5. Production curves of different development adjustment schemes

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图 6 不同开发调整方案生产指标

Figure 6. Production indicators of different development adjustment schemes

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图 7 不同开发调整方式下采收率对比

Figure 7. Comparison of oil recovery under different development adjustment methods

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图 8 不同开发调整方式下各层段产油量对比

Figure 8. Comparison of oil recovery of each layer under different development adjustment methods

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图 9 不同开发调整方式下各层段的剩余油分布

Figure 9. Distribution of remaining oil in each layer under different development adjustment methods

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表 1 气顶边水油藏物理模拟试验相似准数群

Table 1 Similar dimensionless number group and physical meaning of physical simulation experiment of reservoir with gas cap and edge water

相似准则分类	相似准则数	物理意义
几何相似	${\eta _1} = L_1^{}/L_2^{}$	油环长度与宽度之比
	${\eta _2} = {L_1}/H$	油环长度与厚度之比
	${\eta _3} = m$	气顶指数
	${\eta _4} = \theta$	地层倾角
物性相似	${\eta _5} = {\rho _{\rm{o}}}/{\rho _{\rm{w}}}$	油水密度之比
	${\eta _6} = {\rho _{\rm{o}}}/{\rho _{\rm{g}}}$	油气密度之比
	${\eta }_{7}={K}_{{\rm{ro}}}{\mu }_{{\rm{w}}}/\left({K}_{{\rm{rw}}}{\mu }_{{\rm{o}}}\right)$	油水流度之比
	${\eta _8} = {S_{{\rm{oi}}}}$	初始饱和度场
	${\eta _9} = {B_{\rm{g}}}/{B_{{\rm{gi}}}}$	气相体积系数与原始状态体积系数之比
运动相似	${\eta }_{10}=DK{K}_{{\rm{ro}}}\Delta p{H}_{{\rm{p}}}/\left({\mu }_{{\rm{o}}}{L}_{1}{q}_{{\rm{o}}}\right)$	油、气、水相产量
	${\eta }_{11}=DK{K}_{{\rm{rw}}}\Delta p{H}_{{\rm{p}}}/\left({\mu }_{{\rm{w}}}{L}_{1}{q}_{{\rm{w}}}\right)$
	${\eta }_{12}=DK{K}_{{\rm{rg}}}\Delta p{H}_{{\rm{p}}}/({\mu }_{{\rm{g}}}{L}_{1}{q}_{{\rm{g}}})$
	${\eta }_{13}={q}_{{\rm{o}}}t/N$	油产量与地质储量之比
动力相似	${\eta }_{14}=\Delta p/({\rho }_{{\rm{o}}}gH)$	生产压差与重力之比
动力相似	${\eta _{15}} = \Delta p/{p_{\rm{c}}}$	生产压差与毛管力之比

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气顶边水油藏中后期开发调整三维物理模拟研究

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Three-Dimensional Physical Simulation Experiment on the Development Adjustment of Reservoirs with Gas Cap and Edge Water in Middle and Late Stage Reservoirs

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