Thoughts on Green and Low-Carbon Oil and Gas Development Engineering Technologies
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摘要:
为了应对全球气候变化，全球主要国家和地区制定了碳中和减排目标。油气作为传统化石能源，低碳转型是可持续发展的必由之路，通过技术创新与管理来减少碳排放已成为行业共识。在此背景下，绿色低碳油气开发工程技术也呈现出新的发展趋势，值得我国学习和借鉴。在阐述油气开发工程技术低碳发展行业背景的基础上，分析了绿色低碳油气开发工程技术的发展趋势，结合碳中和背景下我国油气行业发展面临的挑战，提出了油气开发钻井提速提效工程技术、数字化智能化油气开发工程技术、碳捕集利用与封存技术、油气开发节能减排与尾废利用技术和油气与新能源耦合技术等绿色低碳油气开发工程技术发展方向。围绕这些技术发展方向涉及的关键技术进行攻关与推广应用，尽快形成适用于我国的绿色低碳油气开发工程技术系列，对于实现净零排放目标和整体经济效益提升具有重要意义。
Abstract:An emission reduction target of carbon neutrality has been set by major countries and regions in the world to tackle global climate change. As conventional fossil energy, oil and gas can only be developed sustainably in an inevitable course of low-carbon transformation. Additionally, an industry consensus has been reached to reduce carbon emissions through technological innovation and management. Within the above context, new development trends are exhibited by green and low-carbon oil and gas development engineering technologies,which are worth learning and reference by China. The development trends of green and low-carbon oil and gas development engineering technologies were analyzed after the industry context of the low-carbon development of oil and gas development engineering technologies had been adequately elaborated. A number of development directions were proposed for green and low-carbon oil and gas development engineering technologies to address the challenges in the development of the oil and gas industry in China in the pursuit of carbon neutrality.They included oil and gas development engineering technologies for rate of penetration (ROP) and efficiency improvements, digital and intelligent oil and gas development engineering technologies, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies, oil and gas development technologies for energy conservation and emission reductions as well as tailings and waste utilization, and technologies that couple oil and gas with new energy. Tackling critical issues for key technologies in the above technological development directions, furthering the promotion and application of these technologies, and fostering a series of green and low-carbon oil and gas development engineering technologies readily applicable to the situation in China as soon as possible are of great significance for the fulfillment of the net-zero emission target and the promotion of the overall economic benefits.
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图 1 快速转型情景下全球一次能源需求结构预测
Figure 1. Predicted structure of global primary energydemand under rapid transformation
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图 2 主要国际油公司低碳投资规模发展趋势
Figure 2. Trends of low-carbon investment scales of majoryinternational oil companies
表 1 柴油发电机组与双燃料发电机组作业温室气体排放对比
Table 1 Comparison of greenhouse gas emission by diesel generators and dual-fuel generators in operation
发电机组 作业类别 柴油用量/t 天然气用量/
104m3温室气体
排放量/t柴油 钻井 3 593.62 0 9 274 压裂 2 994.68 0 7 728 双燃料 钻井 1 437.45 212.75 7 803 压裂 1 197.87 177.29 6 503 
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