等离子炬破岩效果室内试验及现场应用建议

于岩; 高锐; 贾玉丹; 乔磊; 周伟

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2022034

等离子炬破岩效果室内试验及现场应用建议

于岩^{1, 2,},
高锐^{1, 2,},
贾玉丹^{1, 2},
乔磊^{1, 2},
周伟^{1, 2, 3}

1.
新奥科技发展有限公司, 河北廊坊 065001
2.
河北省深层地热技术创新中心, 河北廊坊 065001
3.
中国石油大学（华东）石油工程学院, 山东青岛 266580

基金项目: 河北省产业创新创业团队项目“新奥科技发展有限公司等离子危废处置技术创新团队”（编号：205A3801D）资助

详细信息

作者简介:
于岩（1982—），男，河北廊坊人，2004年毕业于河北工业大学自动化专业，工程师，主要从事等离子炬研发工作。E-mail: yuyand@enn.cn。

中图分类号: TE21
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-28
- 修回日期: 2022-04-01
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-20
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-24

Laboratory Tests on the Rock Breaking Effects of Plasma Torch and Suggestions for Field Application

YU Yan^{1, 2,},
GAO Rui^{1, 2,},
JIA Yudan^{1, 2},
QIAO Lei^{1, 2},
ZHOU Wei^{1, 2, 3}

1.
ENN Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd., Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
2.
Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Deep Geothermal Energy, Langfang, Hebei, 065001, China
3.
School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China

摘要

摘要:
油气资源和深层地热能开发钻井过程中会遇到岩石硬度大、可钻性差等问题，采用传统钻井技术难以提高钻井效率。针对这一问题，分析了等离子炬的破岩原理，认为等离子炬破岩主要有岩石破碎、熔化和蒸发等方式；利用不同厚度的玄武岩和花岗岩岩样，进行了等离子炬破岩效果室内试验，证明等离子炬可以烧穿50 mm厚的玄武岩岩样和30 mm厚的花岗岩岩样，但不能烧穿更厚的岩样。结合试验结果，分析了现场应用等离子炬钻井技术存在的问题，提出了研发建议。研究结果为深层硬地层等离子炬钻井技术的研究与应用提供了技术借鉴。
- 等离子炬 /
- 破岩 /
- 实验室试验 /
- 高温射流 /
- 应用建议
Abstract:
During the development and drilling of oil and gas resources and deep geothermal energy, many problems such as extremely high rock hardness and poor drillability may be encountered, and it is difficult to improve drilling efficiency by traditional drilling techniques. To solve this problem, the principle underlying rock breaking by plasma torch were analyzed. On the basis of it, rock spallation, melting, and evaporation were found to be the main methods for rock breaking. Laboratory tests were carried out to determine the effect of using plasma torch for breaking basalt samples and granite samples with different thicknesses. It was demonstrated that plasma torch can burn through 50 mm thick basalt sample and 30 mm thick granite sample, but could not burn through thicker rock samples. Combined with the test results, the problems existing in the field application of plasma torch drilling technology were analyzed, and research and development suggestions were thereby advanced. The results of this study can provide reference for the research and application of plasma torch drilling in deep hard formations.
- plasma torch /
- rock breaking /
- laboratory test /
- high temperature jet /
- suggestions on application

HTML全文

图 1 等离子炬工作原理示意

Figure 1. Working principle of plasma torch

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 等离子炬的温度场

Figure 2. Temperature field of plasma torch

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图 3 等离子炬破岩试验装置

Figure 3. Test device of rock breaking by plasma torch

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 等离子炬对玄武岩岩样的破岩效果

Figure 4. Rock breaking effect of plasma torch on basalt samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 等离子炬对花岗岩样品的破岩效果

Figure 5. Rock breaking effect of plasma torch on granite samples

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 岩石熔化和蒸发所需要的能量

Table 1 Energy required for rock melting and evaporation

岩石	熔化温度/℃	蒸发温度/℃	熔化比能/ （kJ·cm⁻³）	蒸发比能/ （kJ·cm⁻³）
花岗岩	1 215～1 260	2 960～3 230	4.3～4.4	25.7～28.4
玄武岩	984～1 260	2 960～3 230	4.0～4.8	24.7～27.5

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 等离子炬破岩试验数据及计算的热能效率

Table 2 Test data of rock breaking by plasma torch and calculated thermal energy efficiency

岩样	孔径/mm		孔深/mm		烧穿时间/s		热能效率，%
岩样	30 kW	50 kW	30 kW	50 kW	30 kW	50 kW	30 kW	50 kW
50 mm厚玄武岩	39	43	50	50	140	112	6.2	5.7
100 mm厚玄武岩	56	58	63	74
30 mm厚花岗岩	34	36	30	30	103	68	3.8	3.9
100 mm厚花岗岩	53	68	51	59

下载: 导出CSV

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