A Method for Wellbore Integrity Detection in Deep Oil and Gas Wells
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摘要: 为解决深层油气井井筒“完整性失效部位不唯一、失效形式多样化”、定位识别难度大的问题，基于现有检测方法，集成优化相关设备和工艺，形成了以“声波+电磁”特征为核心的深层油气井井筒完整性检测方法，能够准确定位并识别油管泄漏、丝扣渗漏、套管泄漏、套后水泥环窜流、液面下泄漏和多重泄漏。采用该方法检测了试验井的井筒完整性，成功确定了生产管柱两泄漏点的位置和泄漏类型。研究和现场试验结果表明，研究形成的检测方法可准确识别深油气井井筒完整性失效类型和确定失效位置，可为深层油气井建井、修井和井筒完整性管理提供技术支撑。Abstract: Given the problems of multiple failure points and various failure types of wellbore integrity and the difficulty in locating and identifying failures in deep oil and gas wells, a method for wellbore integrity detection was proposed on the basis of available detection methods and integrated optimization of related equipment and processes. With acoustic and electromagnetic features as the core, this method could locate and identify tubing leakage, thread leakage, casing leakage, cement sheath channeling outside of the casing, leakage under liquid level, and multiple leakages. The wellbore integrity of a test well was detected by this method. Two leakage points in the production string and the leakage types were identified. The research and field tests indicate that the proposed method can accurately identify the failure types and locate the failure points of wellbore integrity in deep oil and gas wells. This study provides technological support for the construction, workover, and wellbore integrity management of deep oil and gas wells.
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图 2 噪声仪结构示意
1. 电缆/钢丝焊接头；2. 螺纹接头；3. 仪器外管；4.电池仓；5.通讯接口；6.电路模块；7. 噪声传感器
Figure 2. Noise meter structure
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图 3 深层油气井井筒完整性检测所使用仪器串示意
Figure 3. Instrument set of wellbore integrity detection in deep oil and gas wells
表 1 井筒完整性检测方法对比
Table 1 Comparison of methods for wellbore integrity detection
失效类型 噪声测井 机械坐封暂堵试压 微温差 同位素示踪 电磁探伤 多臂井径 接收泄漏回波 压力平衡法定位 油管泄漏 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 丝扣渗漏 √ × × √ × × √ √ 套管泄漏 √ × × × √ × × × 套后窜流 √ × × × × × × × 液面下泄漏 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 多泄漏点 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ × 泄漏类型 × × × × × × × × 
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