Performance Evaluation and Field Application of Self-Consolidating Plugging Agents
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摘要: 针对常规复合堵漏剂堵漏成功率低的问题，开展了自固结堵漏剂研究。采用流化包衣机在堵漏剂外表面涂覆可在井下固结的环氧胶黏剂，流化包衣在井下温度条件下固结，从而提高堵漏剂的井下封堵强度。调节流化包衣机的进风口温度50～100 ℃、出风口温度25～40 ℃、喷枪速率0.5～2.0 L/h，可实现喷雾、包衣、干燥一体完成。室内高温堵漏试验表明，自固结堵漏剂具有较好的抗钻井液扰动和抗负压抽汲作用，通过选择环氧树脂的型号、固化剂和促进剂DL-1的加量，能够调节自固结堵漏剂的井下固结时间；110 ℃温度下，堵漏剂在2 h以后开始初步固结，强度逐渐增加，15 h时抗压强度达到4.6 MPa。堵漏层扫描电镜图片显示，涂覆层在温度升高过程中发生了软化和固结，固结后材料之间结合紧密。研究结果表明，自固结堵漏剂能够大幅提高严重裂缝性漏失的堵漏成功率，可为实现漏失层的有效封堵提供技术支撑。Abstract: In light of the low success rate of plugging by conventional compound plugging agents, self-consolidating plugging agents were studied. A fluidized coating equipment was adopted to coat the outer surface of the plugging agents with a layer of epoxy adhesive that can be consolidated at downhole temperature, so as to increase the underground plugging strength of plugging agents. By adjusting the inlet air temperature of the fluidized coating equipment at 50–100 °C, the air outlet temperature at 25–40 °C, and the rate of the spray gun at 0.5–2.0 L/h, the spray, coating, and drying could be achieved. The laboratory experiments of plugging at high temperature showed that the developed plugging agents could resist the disturbance of drilling fluids and the negative-pressure suction. By selecting the specific type of epoxy resin, the dosage of curing agent and accelerator DL-1, the downhole consolidation time of the self-consolidating plugging agents could be adjusted. At 110 °C, the plugging agents began to consolidate after 2 h, and the strength increased to 4.6 MPa after 15 h. Scanning electron microscope photographs of the plugging layers showed that the coating layers were softened and then consolidated as the temperature rose, and the materials bound tightly after consolidation. The result indicated that the self-consolidating plugging agents can greatly improve the success rate of plugging in severely fractured thief zones and provide technical supports for effective plugging.
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图 3 试样固结时间和抗压强度的关系
Figure 3. Relationship between the consolidation time and compressive strength of samples
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图 4 110 ℃条件下堵漏试验封堵层扫描电镜照片
Figure 4. Scanning electron microscope photographs of experimental plugging layers at 110 °C
表 1 未涂覆自固结材料配方和涂覆自固结堵漏材料配方堵漏效果对比
Table 1 Comparison of plugging effect between uncoated formula and formula coated by self-consolidating plugging material
堵漏剂 缝板宽度/
mm封堵成功时
压力/MPa漏失时压力/
MPa漏失时反向
压力/MPaB 3 1.5 0.5 2.0 5 1.9 0.3 1.8 A 3 1.5 未漏失 未漏失 5 2.0 未漏失 未漏失 
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