Difficulties and Countermeasures in Horizontal Well Drilling for Shale Gas in Southern Sichuan
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摘要:
川南页岩气工区地质条件复杂，井漏频发，卡钻、埋旋转导向工具问题时有发生，且钻井周期长，严重制约着提速提效。针对这些问题，从该工区储层特征和岩石力学特性入手，分析了页岩气水平井钻井技术难点，研究形成了以大尺寸井眼“减振+扶正”提速、长水平段随钻清砂防卡、强化参数提速、固化堵漏、简易控压钻井为核心的技术对策。该技术措施在川南64 口页岩气水平井进行了应用，机械钻速提高，钻井周期缩短，取得了显著的综合效果。研究成果对该工区类似井及其他地区类似储层条件的页岩气水平井钻井具有借鉴作用或参考价值。
Abstract:Shale gas drilling in southern Sichuan has been challenged by complex geological conditions, frequent lost circulation, stuck pipe and buried rotary steering tools and long drilling cycle, which severely hinder the penetration rate and efficiency enhancement. In order to solve these problems, the difficulties in drilling shale gas horizontal wells were analyzed according to reservoir characteristics and rock mechanical properties, which then formed the technical countermeasures by using “damping + centralizing” to increase drilling rate in big size holes, sand removal and anti-sticking while drilling at long horizontal section, parameter enhancement to increase drilling rate, solidification plugging, as well as simply managed pressure drilling. After the application of these technical measures, the ROP was increased, the drilling cycle was shortened, with remarkable comprehensive results. The research results can provide a reference for drilling shale gas horizontal wells in this area or other areas with similar reservoir conditions.
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图 1 川南工区二开超周期典型井分层段钻时和钻速统计结果
Figure 1. Statistics on drilling time and penetration rate in different strata of second-spud that exceeds cycle in the southern Sichuan area
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图 2 N201井区12口完钻井漏失情况统计结果
Figure 2. Statistics on leakage of 12 wells drilled in the N201 well block
表 1 威远区块三开部分井ϕ215.9 mm井段强化参数提速效果
Table 1 The effect of parameters enhancement to increase the penetration rate in the third spud at ϕ215.9 mm wellbore in the Weiyuan Block
井数 钻压/kN 地面转速/（r·min–1） 排量/(L·s–1) 泵压/MPa 机械钻速/(m·h–1) 钻井周期/d 段长/m 使用螺杆 使用旋转导向工具 9 100～160 60 90～110 31～34 21～31 10.00 20.39 2 226 18 70～140 40 80～90 18～31 20～30 6.14 25.11 2 194 
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