Completion Technologies for HTHP Gas Fields in the Yinggehai Basin
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摘要:
南海莺歌海盆地F气田为高温高压气田，其高温、高压、高含CO2的特点造成井筒的完整性难以保障。为此，根据储层特点，选择了合理的完井方式；依据安全性与经济性兼顾的原则，选择了改良13Cr材质的油套管；根据气田的特点及开发要求，设计了不同井型的生产管柱及射孔管柱，选择了合适的井口采油树及井下工具，并研制了新型环空保护液，最终形成了适用于海上高温高压高含酸性气体气田开发的完井技术。F气田10余口井应用了该技术，生产过程中未出现环空带压现象。实践表明，该完井技术能有效降低井筒带压风险，为规模开发莺歌海盆地高温高压气田提供技术支持。
Abstract:The F Gas Field in Yinggehai Basin of the South China Sea is an HTHP gas field, characteristics of high temperature, high pressure and high CO2 content has been the challenge to the integrity of wellbore, so the completion method was selected pertinently according to the characteristics of reservoirs. Based on the principle of keeping both the safety and the economy, the tubing/casing has been made by modified 13Cr material, and designed the different types of production strings. In terms of the characteristics of gas field and the development requirements, the selection of wellhead Christmas trees and downhole tools was carried out properly, the perforation pipe string was designed, and the proper annulus protection fluid was developed. In the end, it formed a completion technology suitable for the development of HTHP offshore gas fields with high acidic gas content. This completion technology has been applied in more than 10 wells of this gas field, and no sustained annulus pressure was observed during the production process, which indicated that the developed completion technology could effectively ensure the wellbore integrity of such gas fields, and provide supports for the large-scale development of HTHP gas fields in the Yinggehai Basin.
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Keywords:
- high temperature /
- high pressure /
- high CO2 content /
- completion /
- production string /
- corrosion prevention /
- Yinggehai Basin
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图 1 临界出砂井底流压随地层压力衰竭变化的曲线
Figure 1. The change of bottomhole flow pressure with the formation pressure depletion in the critical sand production wells
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图 3 莺歌海盆地高温高压气田定向井生产管柱
Figure 3. Completion string of directional well in HTHP gas field in the Yinggehai Basin
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图 4 莺歌盆地高温高压气田水平井生产管柱
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of completion string of horizontal well in the HTHP gas field of the Yingge Basin
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图 5 双封隔器间距与密闭环空压力增加值的关系
Figure 5. Relationship between the spacing of double packers and the increased value of closed annulus pressure
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图 6 射孔时封隔器所受应力与封隔器和射孔枪距离间的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between the stress on the packer and the distance between the packer and perforating gun during perforation
表 1 常规13Cr、改良13Cr和超级13Cr等3种管材的化学成分
Table 1 Chemical composition of three kinds of tubular, such as the conventional 13Cr, modified 13Cr and super 13Cr
管材 w（C），% w （Si），%. w （Mn），% w （P），% w （S），% w （Cr），% w （Ni），% w （Mo），% w （Cu），% 常规13Cr 0.15～0.22 1.00 0.25～1.00 0.02 0.010 12.0～14.0 0.50 0.25 改良13Cr 0.04 0.50 0.60 0.02 0.010 12.0～14.0 3.50～4.50 0.80～1.50 超级13Cr 0.04 0.50 0.60 0.02 0.005 12.0～14.0 4.50～5.50 1.80～2.50 
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表 2 甲酸盐环空保护液对13Cr管材的腐蚀试验结果
Table 2 Corrosion test results of formate annulus protective liquid on 13Cr tubular
环空保护液密度/
（kg·L–1）缓蚀剂及
加量腐蚀速率/
(mm·a–1)腐蚀形貌描述 1.25 2% JCI-1 0.137 均匀腐蚀 1.35 3% JLB 2.232 腐蚀严重，有坑蚀 1.46 2% JCI-1 10.291 腐蚀严重，有坑蚀
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表 3 不同管材在高密度环空保护液的腐蚀速率
Table 3 Corrosion rates of different pipes in high-density annulus protection fluid
缓蚀剂及加量 钢材 腐蚀速率/(mm·a–1) 腐蚀形貌描述 5%JLB+
1%HLN超级13Cr 0.065 均匀腐蚀，无点蚀 改良13Cr 0.073 均匀腐蚀，无点蚀 13Cr 0.265 均匀腐蚀，无点蚀
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