指向式旋转导向系统内外环转速对PDC钻头破岩效率的影响

张光伟; 高嗣土; 乔阳; 田帆

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2019096

指向式旋转导向系统内外环转速对PDC钻头破岩效率的影响

西安石油大学机械工程学院，陕西西安 710065

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目“井下闭环可控弯接头导向机构基础理论研究”（编号：51174164）、陕西省自然科学基金项目“基于旋转导向钻井技术的井下闭环可控弯接头系统动力学特性研究”（编号：2018JM5015）联合资助

详细信息

作者简介:
张光伟（1961—），男，江苏无锡人，1983年毕业于西安交通大学动力机械专业，1990年获西安交通大学工程力学专业硕士学位，教授，主要从事石油机械力学分析与计算方面的研究工作。E-mail：zhang-guangwei@163.com

中图分类号: TE921⁺.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-28
- 修回日期: 2019-08-22
- 网络出版日期: 2019-09-05
- 刊出日期: 2019-10-31

Influence of the Rotary Speeds of the Internal and External Rings of Pointed Rotary Steering System on the Rock-Breaking Efficiency of PDC Bit

School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710065, China

摘要

摘要:
为了提高指向式旋转导向钻井工具的破岩效率，在钻头运动学研究的基础上，利用Matlab软件建立了数字化PDC钻头模型和数字化岩石模型，结合岩石模型的离散化处理，模拟了旋转导向钻进条件下，PDC钻头与岩石的相互作用过程，并给出了破岩效率的定量计算方法；分析了指向式旋转导向系统内外偏心环转速对PDC钻头破岩效率的影响，得到了不同时间步长下的破岩规律。研究结果表明，抗剪强度为11 MPa、内摩擦角为22°、摩擦系数为0.2的岩石，其最佳破岩转速比在1.0左右，且指向式旋转导向系统在钻进过程中均存在稳态切削，其破岩效率与内外偏心环的转速比密切相关，随着内外偏心环转速比增大，破岩效率也相应增大，但最终趋于稳定。研究结果对提高指向式旋转导向系统的钻井效率具有一定的理论指导作用。
- 旋转导向钻井 /
- PDC钻头 /
- 破岩效率 /
- 转速比 /
- 数字化 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract:
The goal was to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the pointed rotary steering drilling system. To do so, a new process was developed, based on the research of bit kinematics, the digital PDC bit model and the digital rock model. The team used Matlab software, which, combined with the discretization processing of rock model, was able to simulate the interaction between PDC bit and rock under the condition of rotary steering drilling, and further obtain the quantitative calculation method of rock-breaking efficiency. The influence of the rotary speeds of the internal and external rings of pointed rotary steering system on rock-breaking efficiency of PDC bit was analyzed, and the rock-breaking law at different time steps was obtained. The results showed that for the rock with a shear strength of 11 MPa, an internal friction angle of 22º and a friction coefficient of 0.2, it had an optimal rock-breaking speed ratio of about 1.0, and the pointed rotary steering system presented a steady state cutting during the drilling process. Its rock-breaking efficiency was closely related to the speed ratio of the inner and outer eccentric rings. As the speed ratio increased, the rock-breaking efficiency also increased, but it eventually stabilized. The research results demonstrated a possible theoretical guidance for improving the drilling efficiency of pointed rotary steering system.
- rotary steerable drilling /
- PDC bit /
- rock breaking efficiency /
- speed ratio /
- digitization /
- numerical simulation

HTML全文

图 1 切削齿工作面数字化方法及模型

Figure 1. Digitization method and model of cutting tooth surface

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图 2 切削齿侧面数字化方法及模型

Figure 2. Digitization method and model of cutting tooth side

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图 3 规径齿数字化方法及模型

Figure 3. Digitization method and model of gauge teeth

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图 4 PDC钻头的数字化模型

Figure 4. Digital model of PDC bit

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图 5 岩石数字化方法及模型

Figure 5. Digitization method and model of rock

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图 6 齿面节点与岩石的相互作用关系

Figure 6. Interaction between tooth surface nodes and rock

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图 7 齿刃与齿面工作区域

Figure 7. Tooth blade working area and tooth surface working area

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图 8 可控弯接头的结构

1.外偏心环驱动电机；2.外偏心环连接法兰；3.外偏心环； 4.内偏心环；5.内偏心环连接法兰；6.内偏心环驱动电机；7.导向轴；8.扭矩传递机构；9.密封结构；10.球座；11.旋转外套

Figure 8. Structure of the controllable bending joint

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图 9 导向机构运动模型简化示意

Figure 9. Schematic diagram of the movement model of the steering mechanism

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图 10 外部单齿在 $\color{blue}{m = {\rm{ - 2}} \left(\frac{{{\omega _{\rm{3}}}}}{{{\omega _{\rm{1}}}}} + {\rm{1}} \right)}$ 时的切削面积

Figure 10. Cutting area of external single teeth at the time $\color{blue}{{m}} = {\rm{ - 2}} \left(\frac{{{\omega _{\rm{3}}}}}{{{\omega _{\rm{1}}}}} + {\rm{1}} \right)$

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图 11 外部单齿在m=0.5时的切削面积

Figure 11. Cutting area of external single teeth at m=0.5

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图 12 外部单齿在m=1.0时的切削面积

Figure 12. Cutting area of external single teeth at m=1.0

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图 13 外部单齿在不同转速比下的切削体积

Figure 13. Cutting volumes of the external single tooth at different speed ratios

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