Experimental Study on Rock Breaking Efficiency with a PDC Bit under Conditions of Composite Percussion
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摘要: 为分析纵向冲击与扭转冲击复合条件下PDC钻头的破岩效果，以及不同钻进条件和冲击参数对破岩效果的影响规律，设计了一种具有纵向和扭转冲击功能的旋扭复合冲击发生装置，利用粉砂岩、石灰岩和花岗岩3种岩性的岩样开展了PDC钻头常规破岩和复合冲击破岩试验，研究了复合冲击条件下钻压、转速、冲击力和冲击扭矩等参数对PDC钻头钻进速度的影响规律。试验结果表明：钻压和转速是影响破岩效率的主控因素；相较于常规PDC破岩，复合冲击钻井方式产生的岩屑粒径更大，破岩效率更高；冲击力和冲击扭矩越大，破岩效率越高，复合冲击方式在硬地层钻进中的钻速最高可提高50%。研究PDC钻头在复合冲击条件下不同钻井参数对破岩效率的影响规律，为复合冲击工具设计和性能参数优化提供了理论依据。Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of rock breaking with a PDC bit under axial percussion and torsional percussion,and the influence with different drilling parameters and percussive parameters,a composite (torsional and axial) percussion experimental device was designed.Then composite percussion experiment and a conventional rotation experiment were carried out with sandstone,limestone and granite samples to analyze the percussion acceleration effect of a PDC bit with drilling parameters such as WOB,RPM,percussive force and percussive torque under composite percussion.Experimental results showed that WOB and RPM are the two main controlling factors that would influence the efficiency of rock breaking..They also demonstrated that drill cutting size under composite percussion is larger compared with conventional rotation,so the efficiency of rock breaking is higher.As percussion force and percussion torque increase,the rock breaking efficiency increases,with the ROP could be increased by up to 50%.Studying the influence law of composite percussion drilling parameters on rock fragmentary efficiency helps design and optimize the performance parameters of composite percussion tools.
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