A New Method of Plugging Micro/Nano Meter Cracks in Hard, Brittle Shale
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摘要: 为解决应用常规封堵评价方法优选的封堵材料对大庆油田致密油裂缝性地层封堵效果差的难题，选用由不锈钢粉末经特殊工艺压制成的薄片作为封堵介质来模拟微米和纳米级裂缝，并自主设计加工了封堵评价装置，形成了微米-纳米级微裂缝封堵评价新方法。室内试验结果表明，封堵评价新方法可替代高温高压滤失试验对钻井液的封堵性能进行评价，且优选的钻井液配方对微米级和纳米级裂缝都具有较强的封堵能力。应用该方法对封堵材料配方及加量进行了优化，形成了强封堵型水基钻井液配方，并在大庆油田F38-P1井进行了现场试验，解决了青山口组地层在钻进过程中的井壁剥落、掉块等井壁失稳问题。研究结果表明，裂缝封堵评价新方法可以模拟井底温度条件下对钻井液的封堵性能进行评价，且具有操作简单、评价精度高等优点，为大庆油田致密油藏高效开发提供了技术支持。Abstract: Fractures or cracks sealing materials deployed in conventional evaluation methods displayed unsatisfactory plugging performances in tight oil formations of the Daqing Oilfield.Under such circumstances,an innovative stainless steel powder sheet was pressed by special technique to simulate cracks in micro/nano meter scales. In addition,devices to evaluate plugging performance with high precision and reasonable repeatability was designed and made. Lab test results showed that the innovative plugging performance evaluation technique could be used to replace the fluid flow tests under HTHP.Test results showed that the selected drilling fluid displayed satisfactory plugging performances against fractures in micro/nano meter scales.The formula and its add-ons of plugging material were optimized to produce water-based drilling fluids with high plugging performance.The drilling fluid has been used in Well F38-P1 in the Daqing Oilfield to solve the problems of wellbore breakout and wellbore in stability.The innovative techniqueis characterized by simple operations and high accuracy,and can be used to assess plugging performances of drilling fluids under simulated bottomhole temperatures.The new technique may provide necessary technical support for high-efficiency development of tight oil reservoirs in the Daqing Oilfield.
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