Safety Analysis of the Hang-off of Deepwater Drilling Risers during a Typhoon Emergency Period
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摘要: 对于半潜式钻井平台,常规应对台风的程序是回收所有的钻井隔水管,航离台风路径,但是回收隔水管的作业时间较长,有时无法保证回收所有的隔水管,因此,悬挂隔水管可能无法避免。为保证钻井平台悬挂隔水管航行时隔水管的安全,以悬挂状态下的隔水管为研究对象,考虑隔水管动态张力、弯曲应力、隔水管转角及与月池的空间干涉等因素,利用有限元分析方法建立了悬挂模式下的隔水管轴向动力学模型。利用该模型,以南海某超深水井(水深2 460 m)为例,分析了不同悬挂模式、钻井船撤离航速、航向对隔水管安全性的影响。结果表明:硬悬挂模式下,航速为2 kn时,安全撤离航向为0°~45°;软悬挂模式下,航速为2 kn时,安全撤离航向为0°~90°;同样海况条件下,软悬挂模式允许的钻井船航速比硬悬挂大。这表明软悬挂撤离模式比硬悬挂撤离模式对波流载荷的适应能力要强,悬挂隔水管避台风撤离时,应优先选用软悬挂模式。Abstract: For semi-submersible platforms, proper response procedures for a typhoon include the recovery of all drilling risers and travel away from typhoon paths. But it takes a long time to recover risers resulting that sometimes there is no guarantee that the entire riser system can be recovered. Under such circumstances, suspensions of risers are inevitable. This study took the suspended risers as the research objects, considering dynamic tension, bending stress, flex joint angle of risers and the space interference with the moon pool. With the analysis method of finite element, the axial dynamic model of risers in suspension mode was established. with a super deep water well in the South China Sea (with water depth of 2460 m) being taken as an example, analysis models for soft and hard riser suspension models were set up,a deep water typhoon evacuation strategy was studied, the influence of different suspension models were reviewed, and drilling ship evacuation speed and sailing azimuths on riser safety were analyzed. Results showed that in the hard suspension model, when the sailing speed was 2 kn, safe evacuation azimuth was 0° to 45°, while for soft hang-off mode, at the same sailing speed 2 kn, the sailing azimuth was from 0° to 90°. Under the same ocean conditions, the sailing speed of the drilling ship allowed by soft hang-off model was higher than that by hard hang-off. Therefore, the adaptive capacity of the soft model to the wave load was greater than that of the hard model, so the soft model was recommended to use preferentially during evacuations from typhoons.
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Keywords:
- deepwater drilling /
- drilling riser /
- typhoon /
- evacuation when hanging off /
- safety performance
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