Experimental Study on Casing Wear Mechanism in Oil and Gas Wells
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摘要: 为增强油气井套管减磨设计的针对性,对套管磨损规律进行了试验研究。利用模拟井下工况的钻杆/套管摩擦磨损试验机,通过改变试验载荷,首先分析了接触力对套管磨损的影响;再以S45C、S55C、N80和P110等钢级套管在不同密度钻井液中进行试验,对比分析了各材质套管在不同加重剂条件下的磨损特性。试验发现:在非加重钻井液中,套管的磨损率普遍较高;随着钻井液密度增大,套管磨损率先快速降低后又缓慢上升;重晶石粉与铁矿粉的质量比为2:1时,加重剂的减磨效果最显著。研究表明:套管磨损率与接触力呈近似线性关系;将接触力控制在一定范围内并合理选配加重剂和套管材质,可使套管磨损降至最低水平;套管磨损效率与其抗拉强度和屈服强度的比呈幂函数关系,并给出了计算套管磨损效率的经验公式。该研究结果可为套管磨损预测提供依据。Abstract: In order to improve the design of programs to reduce casing wear in oil and gas wells, an experimental study was conducted to evaluate mechanisms that relate to casing wear.Under simulated downhole conditions, the drillpipe-casing friction wear tester was used to identify how contact forces influence casing wear by changing test loads.Then, S45C, S55C, N80 and P110 casings were tested in drilling fluids with different densities, so as to compare their wear resistance with different weighting agents.It was found that the casings were seriously worn in non-weighted drilling fluids, but with the increase of drilling fluid density, the casing wear rate decreased quickly and then increased gradually.The weighting agent led to the most effective wear reduction when the mass ratio of barite and iron ore powder was 2:1.The results showed that there is an approximate linear relation between casing wear rate and contact force.When the contact force is controlled in a certain range, the casing wear can be minimized by reasonably choosing weighting agent and casing materials.The casing wear efficiency relates to the ratio of tensile strength to yield strength in power function.The empirical formula of casing wear efficiency was given in the paper, it can provide a reference for predicting the casing wear.
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Keywords:
- casing worn /
- worn mechanism /
- contact force /
- weighting agent /
- casing material /
- wear efficiency
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