Collaborative Relay Transmission Method for Downhole Surface Electromagnetic Waves
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摘要:
在井下进行表面电磁波通信时，中继器布局不合理会导致信号强度减弱，为此，提出了表面电磁波的协同中继传输方法。首先，结合数值模拟与模拟试验结果，分析了表面电磁波的传播特性；然后，利用电场积分方法，建立了井下表面电磁波中继传输系统的数学模型，分析了不同中继器布局和数量对接收机信号强度的影响。研究结果表明，表面电磁波比传统无线电磁波具有更小的衰减和更高的传输速率，可成为一种高效的井下通信方式；应用表面电磁波协同中继传输技术，信号强度可平均提高5.91 dB。研究结果为增大表面电磁波井下通信的传输距离提供了新的技术途径。
Abstract:When conducting downhole surface electromagnetic wave communication, an unreasonable layout of the relay will lead to the reduction of signal strength. To address this issue, a collaborative relay transmission method for surface electromagnetic wave was proposed. Firstly, the propagation characteristics of surface electromagnetic waves were analyzed by combining numerical simulations and experiments. Then, based on the electric field integral method, a mathematical model for the relay transmission system of downhole surface electromagnetic wave was established. The impact of different relay layouts and quantities on the signal strength of receivers was analyzed. The results show that surface electromagnetic wave have smaller attenuation and higher transmission rates compared to traditional wireless electromagnetic wave, which can be an efficient mode of subsurface communication. Meanwhile, the use of collaborative relay transmission technology of surface electromagnetic wave can increase signal strength by an average of 5.91 dB, providing a new approach to increase the transmission distance of downhole surface electromagnetic wave communication.
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图 1 表面电磁波井下通信系统组成示意
Figure 1. Downhole surface electromagnetic wave communication system
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图 4 轴向上实际测量结果与处理后数值模拟结果的对比
Figure 4. Comparison of actual axial measurement data with processed numerical simulation data
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图 6 径向上实际测量结果与处理后数值模拟结果
Figure 6. Comparison of actual radial measurement data with processed numerical simulation data
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图 7 水下轴向实际测量结果与处理后数值模拟结果的对比
Figure 7. Comparison between actual underwater axial measurement data and processed numerical simulation data
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图 8 井下通信协同中继传输示意
Figure 8. Collaborative relay transmission for subsurface communication
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图 9 SEW协同中继传输电磁模型
Figure 9. SEW electromagnetic model of collaborative relay transmission
表 1 D1=250 m时的协同中继数据
Table 1 Collaborative relay data when D1=250 m
工作方式 电场强度/（dBV·m−1） 相位/（°） A单独作用 38.3481 − 129.9070 B单独作用 44.3001 62.7568 AB非协同作用 38.6218 74.8901 AB协同作用 48.1589 − 129.8920 
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表 2 D1=150 m时的协同中继数据
Table 2 Collaborative relay data when D1=150 m
工作方式 电场强度/（dBV·m−1） 相位/（°） A单独作用 38.3481 − 129.9070 B单独作用 44.2194 173.2582 AB非协同作用 45.8870 − 164.1281 AB协同作用 47.7820 − 129.9090
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表 3 D1=100 m时的协同中继数据
Table 3 Collaborative relay data when D1=100 m
工作方式 电场强度/（dBV·m−1） 相位/（°） A单独作用 38.3481 − 129.9070 B单独作用 47.1960 45.4776 AB非协同作用 43.3552 42.8095 AB协同作用 49.8665 − 129.9050
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表 4 多中继情况协同中继数据
Table 4 Collaborative relay data in multi-relay scenarios
工作方式 电场强度/(dBV·m−1) 相位/(°) A单独作用 38.348 1 −129.907 0 B单独作用 39.902 8 −80.535 9 C单独作用 44.219 4 62.750 8 ABC非协同 32.322 9 −21.366 7 ABC协同 50.767 0 −129.899 0
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