Numerical Simulation of Multiphase Flow in Fracture Networks in Shale Oil Reservoir
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摘要: 为了准确表征页岩油藏复杂裂缝中多相流体的流动，建立了嵌入裂缝多相流动模型和多裂缝交叉网络多相流动模型，采用数值模拟方法，研究了多相流体在多裂缝交叉网络中的流动规律。研究结果表明，裂缝网络多相渗流数值模拟方法解决了表征流体单一、裂缝尺度范围大、划分网格要求精度高、流体参数在裂缝界面处不连续等问题，能够判断水力压裂裂缝与天然裂缝沟通的规模及距离，数值模拟计算的地层压力可以表征页岩油藏裂缝网络附近区域内压力随生产时间的变化规律。裂缝网络多相渗流数值模拟，实现了数值模拟的高效计算，为评价页岩油藏储层提供了新的技术方法。Abstract: Models for multiphase flow in embedded fractures and multi-fracture-intersecting networks were built to accurately characterize the flow of multiphase fluid in complex fractures in shale oil reservoirs. The numerical simulation method was utilized to analyze the flow law of multiphase fluids in the multi-fracture-intersecting networks. The results show that the numerical simulation method for the multiphase flow in the fracture networks solves problems such as single fluid type characterization, large fracture scales, high requirements for meshing accuracy, and discontinuity of fluid parameters at the fracture interface. This method can be used to assess the communication scale of hydraulic and natural fracturesand the distance between them. The formation pressure calculated by the numerical simulation method can be used to characterize the pressure variation near the fracture networks of shale oil reservoirs with the production time. The numerical simulation method proposed in this paper shows high efficiency in computing, and provides a new technical approach for the evaluation of shale oil reservoirs.
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图 1 油藏中垂直于裂缝方向上的油相饱和度分布曲线
Figure 1. Saturation distribution curve of oil phase perpendicular to the fracture direction in oil reservoirs
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图 3 内边界替代覆盖裂缝的基质网格
Figure 3. Replacement of matrix meshes covering fractures by the inner boundary
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图 7 含有不同类型裂缝的多级压裂水平井离散网格
Figure 7. Discrete meshes of a multistage fractured horizontal well with different types of fractures
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图 8 不含有天然裂缝的多级水力压裂地层压力分布
Figure 8. Formation pressure distribution of a multistage hydraulically fractured horizontal well without natural fractures
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图 9 不含有天然裂缝的多级水力压裂水平井在初始压力40 MPa下压裂改造后的压力波及区域
Figure 9. Pressure swept zone of a multistage hydraulically fractured horizontal well without natural fractures with an initial pressure of 40 MPa
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图 10 不含有天然裂缝的多级水力压裂水平井在闷井10 d后的地层压力分布
Figure 10. Formation pressure distribution of a multistage hydraulically fractured horizontal well without natural fractures after 10 d of shut-in
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图 11 不含有天然裂缝的多级水力压裂水平井井底压力相对对数曲线
Figure 11. Relative logarithmic curves of the bottomhole pressure of a multistage hydraulically fractured horizontal well without natural fractures
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