Key Drilling Technologies for Complex Ultra-Deep Wells in the Tarim Keshen 9 Gas Field
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摘要:
塔里木克深9气田超深井具有井眼超深、高温和高压的典型特征，钻井过程中存在钻井周期长、盐膏层高压盐水与薄弱漏层同存、盐上高陡地层防斜打快难，吉迪克组地层和致密砂岩储层机械钻速低等问题。为解决这些问题，在盐上地层应用了垂直钻井工具，并优选了高效PDC钻头，在盐膏层采用了高密度油基钻井液、控压放水技术和盐膏层安全钻井技术，在致密砂岩储层应用了360旋转齿钻头、涡轮钻具+孕镶钻头提速技术，形成了克深9气田复杂超深井钻井关键技术。该技术在克深9气田2口井进行了现场应用，平均钻井周期缩短12.0%，故障处理时效降低4.1百分点，平均机械钻速提高13.0%。研究结果表明，塔里木克深9气田复杂超深井钻井关键技术能够满足该气田超深气藏高效勘探开发的需求，对国内外类似超深井高效钻井具有一定的借鉴。
Abstract:The Tarim Keshen 9 Gas Field shows the typical characteristics of ultra-deep, high temperature and high pressure environments. During the drilling process, challenges such as complex geological structures, long drilling period, the coexistence of high-pressure saline and weak leakage layers in the salt-gypsum layer, difficulty in the anti-slanting and rapid drilling of high steep post-salt strata, and low ROP in the Jedick formation and tight sandstone reservoir. To overcome the problems, vertical drilling tools and optimized high-efficiency PDC bit were piloted in the post-salt strata; high-density oil-based drilling fluid, pressure management water drainage and safe drilling technologies were used in the salt-gypsum layer; 360° rotating teeth bit, turbine + impregnated bit speed-up drilling technologies were used in tight sandstone reservoirs. The combination of the above technologies constituted the key drilling technologies for complex ultra-deep wells in the Tarim Keshen 9 Gas Field. Those key technologies achieved significant field application effects. The average drilling period in the Keshen 9 Gas Field was reduced by 12.0%, the accident complex time efficiency was reduced by 4.1%, and the average ROP was increased by 13.0%. The results showed that the key technology of complex ultra-deep well drilling had high application value to increase the drilling speed and reduce the complexity in Keshen 9 Gas Field
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图 1 克深905井控压放水应用效果
Figure 1. Application effect of pressure management water drainage in Well Keshen 905
表 1 致密砂岩储层钻井提速技术应用效果
Table 1 Application of speed-up drilling technology in tight sandstone reservoirs
井号 提速技术 使用井段/m 单只钻头进尺/m 平均机械钻速/（m·h−1） 克深9井 常规PDC钻头 7 388.00～7 458.00 70.00 0.50 克深905井 360旋转齿钻头 7 488.00～7 585.00 97.00 0.84 克深9–1井 360旋转齿钻头 7 534.00～7 631.00 97.00 0.70 克深902井 涡轮+孕镶钻头 7 824.50～7 926.00 101.50 0.93 
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