Optimized Fast Drilling Technology for Horizontal Wells in the Tight Gas Reservoirs in Sulige Gas Field
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摘要: 苏里格气田致密气藏水平井钻井时存在机械钻速低、地层井漏坍塌漏并存、钻井周期长等问题。为此，在分析钻遇地层情况和钻井技术难点的基础上，开展了 “工厂化”水平井钻井模式优化、“高效PDC钻头+大功率螺杆”激进参数钻井技术、不同偏移距井眼轨迹控制模式优化和强抑制低密度CQSP-4防塌钻井液分段优化等研究，形成了苏里格气田致密气藏水平井优快钻井技术。2019年苏里格气田应用致密气藏水平井优快钻井技术完钻56口井，平均机械钻速12.76 m/h，钻井周期39.12 d，建井周期52.20 d，较2018年平均机械钻速提高了23.16%，钻井周期缩短了23.71%，建井周期缩短了16.02%。研究与应用表明，苏里格气田致密气藏水平井钻井关键技术提速效果显著，为苏里格气田致密气藏高效开发提供了技术支撑。Abstract: Problems occur when drilling horizontal wells in the tight gas reservoirs in Sulige Gas Field. They include low ROP, contradiction between formation collapse and lost circulation, long drilling cycles, etc. By analyzing the formation drilling challenges, technical research of factory drilling of horizontal wells was conducted to determine the best path forward. The areas studied included drilling mode optimization, “high efficiency PDC bit + high-power PDM” aggressive drilling technology, mode optimization of wellbore trajectory control technology with different offsets and sectional optimization of strongly inhibitive low-density CQSP-4 anti-collapse drilling fluid system. After the study was completed, recommendations were made regarding forming a new optimized fast drilling technology for horizontal wells in the tight gas reservoirs in Sulige Gas Field. In 2019, this technology was applied in 56 wells in Sulige Gas Field, with an average ROP of 12.76 m/h, an average drilling cycle of 39.12 days, and a well construction period of 52.20 days. Compared with those in 2018, in 2019 the ROP increased by 23.16%, the drilling cycle was shortened by 23.71% and the well construction period was reduced by 16.02%. The research and application showed that the key technology for horizontal wells drilling in the tight gas reservoirs in Sulige Gas Field had a remarkable effect on drilling acceleration, which provided technical support and the basis for best practices for the efficient development of the tight gas reservoirs in Sulige Gas Field.
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Key words:
- tight gas reservoir /
- horizontal well /
- factorization /
- aggressive drilling /
- hole trajectory /
- Sulige Gas Field
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表 1 苏里格气田靖72-68H2井井身结构优化设计结果
Table 1. Results of optimized casing program design of Well Jing 72-68H2 in Sulige Gas Field
开钻次序 钻头直径/mm 井深/m 套管直径/mm 套管下入地层层位 套管下入深度/m 水泥浆返高 导管 444.5 50 426.4 第四系 50 地面 一开 346.3 500 273.1 安定组 500 地面 二开 228.0 3 290 177.8 石盒子组 3 286 地面 三开 152.4 5 209 114.3 石盒子组 5204 气层以上500 m 
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表 2 螺杆型号分段优选结果
Table 2. Results of sectional optimization of PDM type
井段 螺杆型号 级数 工作扭矩/（kN·m） 压降/MPa 最大压降/MPa 排量/（m3·min–1） 转速/（r·min–1） 功率/kW 直井段和纠偏段 7LZ185X7.0-5 5 10.65 5.6 7.49 1.82 140 145 斜井段 7LZ165X7.0L-4 4 8.30 3.2 4.28 1.64 108 93 水平段 7LZ127X7.0L-3 3 3.47 2.4 3.14 1.04 130 45
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表 3 激进钻井参数优选结果
Table 3. Optimization results of aggressive drilling parameters
井眼直径/mm 井段 地层 转速/(r·min–1) 钻压/kN 钻井液排量/（L·s–1） 钻井液返速/(m·s–1) 228.6 直井段和纠偏井段 二开—刘家沟组 70～80 140～220 38～46 1.35～1.63 215.9 斜井段 刘家沟组—石盒子组 60～70 120～200 35～38 1.46～1.58 152.4 水平段 石盒子组 50～60 100～140 15～19 1.48～1.88
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表 4 不同弯角螺杆在不同井斜区间的增斜规律
Table 4. Deviation increasing rule of screw with different bending angle in different well deviation interval
井斜角/（°） 复合增斜率/（（°）·（100m） –1） 滑动增斜率/（（°）·（100m） –1） 7LZ165X1.50°螺杆 7LZ165X1.75°螺杆 7LZ165X1.50°螺杆 7LZ165X1.75°螺杆 0～20 9.99 13.32 21.65 23.64 20～30 11.66 14.99 18.32 21.65 30～50 13.99 21.65 17.32 26.64 50～70 14.99 24.98 22.64 36.63 70～89 24.98 31.64 31.64 39.96 平均 15.12 21.31 22.31 29.70
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表 5 靖100-21H2井水平段水力振荡器使用效果对比
Table 5. Comparison on the effects of hydro-oscillators used in horizontal section of Well Jing 100-21H2
井段/m 岩性 滑动进尺/
m滑动纯钻时间/
h滑动机械钻速/
（m·h–1）复合进尺/
m复合纯钻时间/
h复合机械钻速/
（m·h–1）备注 4 150～4 226 灰色泥岩 5.00 6 0.83 71.00 28 2.54 未用振荡器 4 226～4 394 灰色泥岩 8.00 8 1.00 160.00 38 4.20 使用振荡器 4 394～5 012 泥质砂岩 50.00 27 1.85 568.00 78 7.28 使用振荡器
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表 6 2018—2019年完钻水平井技术参数对比
Table 6. Comparison on technical parameters of horizontal wells completed in 2018–2019
年份 完钻井数 进尺/m 平均井深/m 平均钻井周期/d 平均完井周期/d 平均建井周期/d 平均机械钻速/（m·h–1） 2019 56 257 618 4 700 39.12 6.79 52.62 12.76 2018 37 188 302 4 962 51.28 7.86 62.65 10.36
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