Key Technologies for Deep Marine Shale Gas Drilling in Southern Sichuan
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摘要: 川南海相深层页岩气目的层埋藏深、地层温度和地层压力高、岩石可钻性差、优质储层薄，钻井提速与井身质量、页岩坍塌与钻井成本、控时钻进与优质储层钻遇率间的矛盾制约了其高效开发。为此，在借鉴常规页岩气开发经验的基础上，进行差异化的井身结构和井眼轨道设计，采用预弯曲动力钻具组合，优化钻井参数，试验应用垂直钻井技术和气体钻井技术，研制应用高性能水基钻井液，并优化井眼轨迹控制措施，形成了川南海相深层页岩气高效开发的钻井关键技术。该技术在川南地区27口海相深层页岩气井进行了应用，钻井周期缩短了46.0%，优质储层钻遇率达到93.17%。研究结果表明，川南海相深层页岩气钻井关键技术能解决深层页岩气井钻井过程中存在的技术难题，可为国内外类似页岩气的开发提供借鉴。Abstract: Deep marine shale gas in the southern Sichuan Basin has a deep burial depth, high formation temperature and formation pressure, poor rock drillability and thin high-quality reservoirs. Further, the contradictions between fast drilling and borehole quality, shale collapse and drilling cost, time-controlled drilling and the variable probability of encountering high-quality reservoirs have hindered its effective development. To this end, based on the experience of conventional shale gas development, through the differentiated casing program and borehole trajectory design, by adopting bent-housing mud motor BHA, optimization of drilling parameters, conducting vertical drilling and gas drilling technical tests, development of high-performance water-based drilling fluid and the borehole trajectory control, a set of key drilling technologies suitable for the effective development of deep shale gas in the Southern Sichuan were formed. Those technologies were applied in 27 deep marine shale gas wells in the Southern Sichuan, resulting in the fact that the the drilling cycle was shortened by 46.0% and the rate of high-quality encountering economic reservoirs reached 93.17%. The results indicated that those key drilling technologies could sustain the effective development of deep marine shale gas in southern Sichuan, and they could provide references for the development of similar shale gas reservoirs at home and abroad.
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Key words:
- shale gas /
- horizontal well /
- casing program /
- bottom hole assembly /
- borehole trajectory /
- marine /
- the Southern Sichuan
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图 2 Y1井上部地层气体钻井坍塌压力当量密度分布
Figure 2. Distribution of collapse pressure equivalent density of gas drilling in the upper formation of Well Y1
表 1 井眼轨道优化影响因素分析结果
Table 1. Analysis results of the factors affecting borehole trajectory optimization
稳斜段井斜角/（°） 造斜点井深/m 造斜率/（（°）·（100m）–1） 稳斜段长度/m A靶点井深/m 完钻井深/m 钻井周期/d 15 2 184.00 15～18 1 420.00 4 234.23 5 734.23 79.90 20 2 621.00 15～18 970.00 4 265.11 5 765.11 78.56 25 2 881.00 15～18 695.00 4 296.67 5 796.67 77.72 30 3 053.00 15～18 508.00 4 325.31 5 825.30 77.63 35 3 175.00 15～18 372.00 4 354.77 5 854.76 77.92 40 3 265.00 15～18 266.00 4 381.16 5 881.16 78.37 
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