顺北油气田鹰1井超深井段钻井液关键技术

林永学; 王伟吉; 金军斌

doi:10.11911/syztjs.2019068

顺北油气田鹰1井超深井段钻井液关键技术

doi: 10.11911/syztjs.2019068

中国石化石油工程技术研究院，北京 100101

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项课题“海相碳酸盐岩超深油井关键工程技术”（编号：2017ZX05005-005）资助

详细信息

作者简介:
林永学（1963—），男，山东乳山人，1984年毕业于华东石油学院钻井工程专业，2001年获石油大学（北京）油气井工程专业硕士学位，教授级高级工程师，中国石化集团公司高级专家，主要从事钻井液技术研究及相关管理工作。E-mail：linyx.sripe@sinopec.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-23
- 网络出版日期: 2019-05-16

Key Drilling Fluid Technology in the Ultra Deep Section of Well Ying-1 in the Shunbei Oil and Gas Field

Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Beijing, 100101, China

摘要

摘要:
鹰1井是顺北油气田的一口超深重点风险预探井，设计井深9 016.85 m（垂深8 603.00 m）。该井超深井段志留系柯坪塔格组与奥陶系桑塔木组等硬脆性泥岩地层、志留系裂缝性地层和奥陶系破碎性地层，在钻进过程中易出现井眼失稳、井漏、坍塌掉块等井下故障。为此，通过室内试验研究，分析了该井超深井段硬脆性泥岩地层井眼失稳机理、强压力敏感性裂缝性地层漏失原因及破碎性碳酸盐岩地层井眼失稳原因，应用“多元协同”井壁稳定基本理论，构建了SMHP–1强抑制强封堵钻井液，并制定了针对性强的防塌防漏技术措施。该井顺利钻穿大段硬脆性泥岩、裂缝性地层和破碎性地层，未发生井眼失稳及钻井液漏失，顺利钻至井深8 588.00 m完钻，创亚洲陆上井深最深纪录。现场应用表明，SMHP–1强抑制强封堵钻井液能够解决深部地层大段泥岩及破碎性地层的井眼失稳与漏失难题，为国内外深井超深井安全钻进提供了技术借鉴。
- 超深井钻井 /
- 井壁稳定 /
- 防漏 /
- 堵漏 /
- 钻井液 /
- 鹰1井 /
- 顺北油气田
Abstract:
Well Ying-1 is an ultra-deep key investigative risk management pre-exploration well deployed by Sinopec in the Shunbei Oil and Gas Field with designed well depth of 9 016.85 m (TVD 8 603.00 m). Drilling the welln encountered downhole problems including wellbore instability, well leakage and borehole wall sloughing. They also easily occur in drilling hard brittle mudstone formations, such as the Silurian Kepingtage Formation and the Ordovician Sangtamu Formation. For this reason, laboratory studies have been carried out to analyze mechanisms contributing to the instability of large section of hard brittle mudstone shale. As such, the reasons for leakage in the Silurian high pressure sensitive fissured formation, and the reasons for instability in Ordovician fractured formations. Based on the basic theory of " multivariate synergistic” wellbore stability, the drilling fluid system SMHP-1 with strong inhibition and sealing capacity was constructed, and the technical measures of mud loss and borehole wall collapse prevention were worked out. The well successfully drilled through a large section of hard brittle mudstone and broken formation to a total depth of 8 588 m without borehole wall instability and drilling fluid loss, setting a record of the deepest onshore well depth in Asia. The field application showed that the drilling fluid system SMHP-1 could effectively solve the problems of wellbore stability and leakage in deep mudstone and broken formations by strong inhibition and sealing capacity, and provide best practices for safe drilling of deep or ultra-deep wells at home and abroad.
- ultra-deep well drilling /
- wellbore stability /
- leakage protection /
- plugging /
- drilling fluid /
- Well Ying-1 /
- Shunbei Oil and Gas Field

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图 1 鹰1井柯坪塔格组和桑塔木组泥岩扫描电镜结果

Figure 1. SEM results of mudstone in Kepingtage Formation and Sangtamu Formation in Well Ying–1

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图 2 顺北5–5H井志留系地层成像测井图

Figure 2. Imaging logging map of Silurian formation in Well SHB5–5H

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图 3 鹰山组岩样薄片分析结果

Figure 3. Analysis results of rock sample slice of Yingshan formation

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图 4 鹰1井深部泥岩滚动分散回收率试验结果

Figure 4. Experimental results of rolling dispersion recovery rate of deep mudstone in Well Ying–1

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图 5 鹰1井深部泥岩线性膨胀率试验结果

Figure 5. Test results of linear expansion rate of deep mudstone in Well Ying–1

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图 6 鹰1井深部泥岩压力传递试验结果

Figure 6. Pressure transmission test results of deep mudstone in Well Ying–1

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图 7 不同配方随钻堵漏剂裂缝盘滤失量试验结果

Figure 7. Test results of filtration rate for lost circulation additive with fractured disk by different formulas while drilling

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图 8 鹰山组地层岩样封堵前后扫描电镜图

Figure 8. SEM photos of rock samples in Yingshan Formation before and after plugging

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表 1 鹰1井深部泥岩的矿物组成

Table 1. Mineral composition of deep mudstone in Well Ying–1

编号	全岩矿物组成，%						黏土矿物组成，%
编号	石英	长石	方解石	铁白云石	黄铁矿	黏土矿物	伊利石	蒙脱石	伊/蒙混层	绿泥石	高岭石
1	37.10	11.20	6.80	5.40	4.90	30.20	57.10	27.30	3.20	6.50	12.80
2	38.90	12.60	5.20	1.30	5.70	38.40	44.60	24.40	11.90	7.00	13.00
3	45.10	10.40	3.90	4.70	4.20	32.40	58.20	16.80	11.30	4.90	9.30
4	29.90	14.10	7.30	7.60	3.60	30.90	52.60	19.80	4.30	5.50	10.20
5	33.70	13.90	5.20	7.20	4.00	38.50	49.10	25.60	9.50	6.20	14.20
6	38.40	12.80	4.90	5.70	3.80	36.70	43.20	22.80	11.20	7.80	10.20
7	40.30	11.90	3.60	6.30	3.20	39.80	47.10	22.20	8.20	4.60	13.50
8	41.40	12.20	3.20	8.60	2.40	27.50	52.00	19.90	10.70	6.30	8.50
9	39.60	12.60	4.10	3.80	7.80	22.80	44.10	26.40	7.70	6.00	9.70
10	37.90	13.60	4.70	3.90	4.10	40.10	47.80	25.20	8.20	8.20	11.10
平均	38.23	12.53	4.89	5.45	4.37	33.73	49.58	23.04	8.62	6.30	11.25

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表 2 鹰1井柯坪塔格组和桑塔木组地层泥岩理化性能

Table 2. Physical and chemical properties of mudstone in Kepingtage Formation and Sangtamu Formation of Well Ying–1

岩样编号	地层	比表面积/（m²·g^–1）	总吸水量/（g·g^–1）	比亲水量/（mg·m^–2）	清水回收率，%	清水膨胀率，%
1	柯坪塔格组	54.12	0.50	9.21	76.35	11.6
2		62.53	0.62	9.93	72.32	13.8
3		50.80	0.51	10.13	80.98	13.2
4	桑塔木组	57.72	0.62	10.72	75.53	14.7
5		51.91	0.49	9.36	73.95	12.8
6		68.92	0.62	9.07	81.73	13.2
注：蒙脱石比亲水量为9.91 mg/m²，伊利石比亲水量为11.62 mg/m²。

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表 3 随钻堵漏剂中封堵材料的加量配比

Table 3. Concentration ratio of plugging materials in lost circulation additive while drilling

配方	刚性架桥及充填材料加量，%	弹性可变形封堵材料加量，%	惰性纤维材料加量，%	软化封堵材料加量，%
1	2.0	1.0	1.5	0.5
2	2.0	2.0	0.5	0.5
3	2.0	1.5	1.0	0.5
4	3.0	1.0	0.5	0.5
5	3.0	0.5	1.0	0.5
6	3.0	0.5	0.5	1.0

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