Key Technologies for Drilling Horizontal Wells in Glutenite Tight Oil Reservoirs in the Mahu Oilfield of Xinjiang
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摘要: 准噶尔盆地玛湖致密砂砾岩油田是新疆油田提产的重点区域，为了满足该油田勘探开发的需求，提高钻井速度，缩短钻井周期，通过优化井身结构，优化井眼轨道设计，优选钻井液和个性化PDC钻头，采用韧性水泥浆、漂浮下套管固井技术、“螺杆钻具+PDC钻头”复合钻井技术及旋转导向钻井技术等一系列钻井提速技术，形成了玛湖油田砂砾岩致密油水平井钻井关键技术。2018年，该油田玛131 区块完钻8口砂砾岩致密油井水平井，平均完钻井深 4 921.75 m，平均水平段长度 1 576.00 m，平均钻井周期 46.50 d，平均机械钻速 11.19 m/h，其中MaHW1247井完钻井深达5 040.00 m，钻井周期只有42 d，创造了玛湖油田完钻井深5 000.00 m以上水平井钻井周期最短纪录。现场应用表明，玛湖油田砂砾岩致密油水平井钻井关键技术能够提高机械钻速，缩短钻井周期，为玛湖油田的高效勘探开发提供技术支持。Abstract: The Mahu tight glutenite oilfield in the Junggar Basin is the key area for increasing production in Xinjiang Oilfield. In order to meet the needs of exploration and development in this oilfield, improve the drilling speed and to shorten the drilling cycle, the key drilling technologies suitable for the efficient development of horizontal wells in the Mahu tight glutenite oilfield was developed by several means. The technologies included optimizing the designs of the casing program and wellbore trajectory, selecting the drilling fluid, customizing the PDC bit properly, adopting a series of drilling speed-up technologies, including the ductile cement slurry, floating casing and cementing, PDM+ PDC bit compound drilling and rotary steering drilling, etc. In 2018, this oilfield has completed eight horizontal wells in tight sand conglomerate in Ma131 Block, with the average well depth of 4 921.75 m, average horizontal section length of 1 576.00 m, average drilling cycle of 46.5 d, and average ROP of 11.19 m/h. Among them, the Well MaHW1247 has the total depth of 5040 m and drilling cycle of only 42 days, it has set the fastest drilling record in the horizontal wells with a total depth of more than 5 000.00 m in the Mahu Oilfield. The field applications demonstrated that the key technologies could effectively improve the ROP and shorten the drilling cycle, and provide technical support for the exploration and development of Mahu Oilfield.
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Key words:
- glutenite /
- horizontal well /
- casing program /
- well trajectory /
- PDC bit /
- rotary drilling /
- penetration rate /
- Mahu Oilfield
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表 1 砂砾岩地层的岩石力学参数
Table 1. Rock mechanics parameters of glutenite strata
地层 抗压强度/MPa 内摩擦角/(°) 可钻性级值 八道湾组 60～90 38～41 6.0～7.5 克拉玛依组 40～60 35～38 5.0～7.0 百口泉组 50～70 35～40 6.0～8.0 
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表 2 PDC钻头的特征
Table 2. Characteristics of PDC bit
井段 地层 刀翼数量 切削齿直径/mm 布齿密度 钻头特性 直井段 八道湾组 5～6 16.0～19.0 中高 钢体，抗冲击 造斜段 克拉玛依组 4～5 13.0～16.0 中低 钢体，强攻击 水平段 百口泉组 6～7 13.0～16.0 高 胎体，抗冲击，耐研磨
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