Key Achievement of Drilling & Completion Technologies for the Efficient Development of Low Permeability Oil and Gas Reservoirs
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摘要: 低渗透油气藏是当前国内外油气勘探开发的重点领域，以钻完井为核心的工程技术是实现低渗透油气藏高效开发的关键。“十三五”期间，针对川西、济阳坳陷等低渗透油气藏勘探开发中的技术难题，围绕钻井提速、增效和降低工程成本，开展了低渗透油气藏高效开发钻完井技术攻关研究，在175 ℃高温随钻测量系统、近钻头伽马成像技术、新型钻井提速工具、全过程储层保护技术、长效密封固井技术、精细分段完井技术等方面取得重大进展，初步形成了低渗透油气藏高效开发钻完井关键技术，并在济阳坳陷盐222区块、川西中江低渗透气田进行了现场应用，降本增效效果显著，为形成低渗透油气藏高效开发钻完井配套技术，实现不同类型低渗透油气藏高效开发奠定了坚实基础。Abstract: The development of low-permeability reservoirs has become the key area of oil and gas exploration and development, and the drilling & completion-based engineering technologies are the key elements for the efficient development of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs. During the " Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period, to address technical challenges encountered in the exploration and development of low-permeability reservoirs such as the western Sichuan and Jiyang Depression, studies on key technologies for the high-efficiency development of low-permeability reservoirs have been conducted, which mainly focused on drilling speed-up, efficiency enhancement and engineering cost reduction. It has lead to significant progress on the aspects of 175 °C MWD system, near-bit gamma imaging system, new drilling speed-up tools, full-process reservoir protection technology, long-term sealing cementing technology, fine staged completion technology, etc.. Accordingly, key drilling & completion technologies for the high-efficiency development of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs have been established preliminarily, and the field applications in Block Yan 222 of Jiyang Depression and the low-permeability Zhongjiang Gas Field in the western Sichuan achieved stellar results including remarkable cost reduction and efficiency enhancement, which have laid a solid foundation for efficient development of drilling & completion technologies and efficient exploration of various low-permeability reservoirs.
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图 1 跨螺杆电磁波无线短传示意
Figure 1. Schematic of cross-screw short distance wireless electromagnetic transmission
图 2 PDC钻头恒扭矩工具在中江108D井的现场应用效果
Figure 2. Field application of PDC bit anti stick-slip tool in Well Zhongjiang 108D
图 3 模拟分段压裂下水泥环密封性评价
Figure 3. Sealability simulation of cement sheath on the condition of multistage fracturing
表 1 微心PDC钻头在利567区块3口井的应用效果
Table 1. Field application of micro-coring PDC bit in 3 wells of Li567 Block
井名 钻头型号 进尺/
m机械钻速/
（m·h－1）钻速提高幅
度，%利567-斜2 P5253SJ 23 2.88 − 利567-斜3 PK5252SZ 192 3.69 28.13 利567-斜5C PK5252SZ 280 4.83 67.71 利567-斜4 PK5252SZ 195 5.81 101.74 
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表 2 孕镶金刚石钻头在哈山101井的应用效果
Table 2. Field application of impregnated diamond bit in Well Hashan 101
序号 钻头型号 钻进井段/m 进尺/
m纯钻时间/
h机械钻速/
（m·h－1）1 DBS PDC 3 367.6~3 378.6 11.0 17.5 0.64 2 贝克狮虎兽 3 378.6~3 385.0 6.4 14.0 0.46 3 HJ637G 3 385.0~3 397.0 12.0 38.0 0.32 4 HJ637G 3 398.6~3 414.8 16.2 46.0 0.35 5 孕镶DIA256S 3 414.8~3 471.1 56.3 83.3 0.68 6 孕镶DIA256S 3 471.1~3 539.5 68.4 99.2 0.69
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表 3 机械式旋冲工具在许36A井的现场应用效果
Table 3. Field application of mechanical rotary impact drilling tool in Well Xu 36A
序号 钻头型号 钻进井段/m 进尺/m 纯钻时间/h 机械钻速/（m·h－1） 备注 1 T1376B 3 146~3 310 164 81.3 2.02 PDC钻头+1.15°弯螺杆 2 F1653JH 3 310~3 663 353 54.7 6.45 PDC钻头+机械式旋转冲击钻井工具+1.25°弯螺杆 3 F1653JH 3 663~3 843 180 64.8 2.78 PDC钻头+直螺杆
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