Design and Application of a Mechanical Double-Positioning Block Casing Collar Locator
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摘要: 连续油管入井过程中存在预弯曲、受力易伸缩的问题，无法满足连续油管压裂中对目的层高精度定位的要求，为此，设计了机械式双定位块套管接箍定位器。在分析现有套管接箍定位器优缺点的基础上，设计了机械式双定位块套管接箍定位器的结构，对该定位器入井过程中5种情况下的受力进行了分析，揭示了其工作原理——利用大钩载荷的变化与测井数据，找准定位块经过套管接箍时管柱下放力的2次波动，实现精确定位。利用ADAMS软件对该定位器进行了动力学数值模拟，分析了定位块角度、弹簧刚度、定位块高度差对该定位器产生的力学波动幅度的影响。模拟分析发现，定位块角度、弹簧刚度与该定位器产生的力学波动幅度成正比，而定位块高度差对该定位器产生的力学波动幅度影响较小。根据模拟结果，优选定位块角度为65°、弹簧刚度为220 N/mm。该定位器在塔河油田X井的现场试验结果发现，可以将因振动、固体颗粒等引起的干扰波动与经过套管接箍所产生的力学波动区分开来，从而有效避免误判。研究认为，机械式双定位块套管接箍定位器定位精度高，能有效解决连续油管入井过程中对目的层定位不准的问题。Abstract: Due to the problems of pre-bending and force-induced length change occurring in the course of running in hole with coiled tubing,it is not possible to satisfy the requirements of coiled tubing fracturing technology for high-precision positioning of the target layer.For this reason,a casing collar locator with mechanical double positioning blocks was designed.After analyzing the advantages/disadvantages of existing casing collar locator,the structure of casing collar locator with mechanical double positioning blocks was determined.The team analyzed the stress change on the locator in five cases while running it in the hole,considering the working principle of the locator,i.e.achieving the precise positioning of the target zone by means of two mechanical fluctuations generated by the positioning blocks passing through casing collar,in conjunction with hook load variation and logging data.ADAMS software was used to numerically simulate the dynamics of this locator,and analyze the influences of the positioning block angle,spring stiffness and positioning block height difference on the mechanical fluctuations of this locator.The simulation analysis found that the positioning block angle and spring stiffness were proportional to the mechanical fluctuation value,and the height difference of locating block has little influence on the mechanical fluctuations.According to the simulation results,the positioning block angle of 65° and the spring stiffness of 220 N/mm were selected,by which a test prototype was manufactured and applied in the well X of Tahe Oilfield.The application results showed that the locator could detect and distinguish among the disturbance fluctuations caused by vibration,solid particles and the mechanical fluctuations that were generated by passing through casing collar,so as to avoid misjudgment.The research suggested that the designed casing collar locator with mechanical double positioning blocks had high positioning precision and could effectively solve the problems of inaccurate positioning on the target layer while running coiled tubing in the hole.
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Keywords:
- coiled tubing /
- casing collar /
- locator /
- structural design /
- numerical simulation /
- field test
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